伊勢 武史 Takeshi Ise
E-mail： ise ||at|| jamstec.go.jp
ポスドク研究員
独立行政法人 海洋研究開発機構 横浜研究所
物質循環研究プログラム
陸域生態系プロセス研究チーム
Research Scientist, postdoctoral
Terrestrial Ecosystem Processes
Research Team
Environmental Biogeochemical Cycles
Research Program
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth
Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
研究分野
モデリング—植物生態学
環境変動下での生態系の変化を的確にとらえ予測するために、植物のさまざまな働きを包括的に扱うシミュレーションモデルを開発しています。
まず、植物の光合成や呼吸を、光や気温、水や養分という生育条件をもとにシミュレーションします（生理生態学）。光合成によって得られた炭素をもとに、植物は成長し、また繁殖し、生育環境が悪いと枯死したりします（個体群生態学）。植物は、種によって違うストラテジーを持っています。与えられた環境下でそれらが競争し、遷移が起こったりします（群集生態学）。これらのプロセスで、植物は二酸化炭素や水を吸収したり放出したりします。また、植物由来の有機物が土壌中に蓄積されたり分解されたりします（生態系生態学）。
このような多岐にわたるプロセスをそれぞれに適した時間スケールでシミュレーションすることで、生態系のダイナミクスの全体を理解することを目標としています。
モデリング—土壌炭素
土壌中には、大気中の二酸化炭素の約二倍の炭素が蓄えられています。この土壌炭素の蓄積や分解は、大気中の二酸化炭素濃度に大きな影響を与えることが懸念されています。たとえば、温暖化によって土壌微生物が活発化することで大量の土壌炭素が分解され、その結果として大気中に放出された二酸化炭素がさらなる温暖化を招く、というフィードバックを引き起こす可能性があります。
この重大なメカニズムの解明と的確な将来予測のため、土壌炭素循環と土壌物理をカップリングした、新しいモデルシステムを構築し、発表しています。
この研究は、科学雑誌「Nature」別冊の「Nature
Geoscience」で取り上げられ（２００８年）、
http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v1/n11/abs/ngeo331.html
また「Nature」本誌や
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v455/n7215/full/455839c.html
「New York Times」紙などで紹介されています。
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/14/science/14obpeat.html
Research interests
Ecological modeling. Computer modeling of ecological processes, especially based on ecophysiology and
biogeochemistry. Reproduction
of past and present ecosystem structure and function, and future responses and
two-ways interactions against global environmental change.
業績
論文・著書・講演・教育経験・アウトリーチ（啓発・教育活動やボランティア）などをまとめています。
PEER-REVIEWED
PUBLICATIONS (FIRST AUTHOR)
Ise, T., A.L. Dunn, S.C. Wofsy, and P.R. Moorcroft. 2008. High sensitivity of peat decomposition to climate change through water-table feedback. Nature Geoscience 1:763-766.
Ise, T. and H. Sato. 2008. Representing subgrid-scale edaphic heterogeneity in a large-scale ecosystem model: A case study in the circumpolar boreal regions. Geophysical Research Letters 35, L20407, doi:10.1029/2008GL035701.
Ise, T. and P.R. Moorcroft. 2008. Quantifying local factors in medium-frequency trends of tree ring records: Case study in Canadian boreal forests. Forest Ecology and Management: 256:99-105.
Ise, T. and P.R. Moorcroft. 2006. The global-scale temperature and moisture dependencies of soil organic carbon decomposition: an analysis using a mechanistic decomposition model. Biogeochemistry 80:217-231.
Ise, T. and P.R. Moorcroft. In Review. Simulating boreal forest dynamics from perspectives of ecophysiology, resource availability, and climate change. Ecological Research.
Ise, T., A.L. Dunn, S.C. Wofsy, and P.R. Moorcroft. In Review. Modeling feedback processes among peat biogeochemistry, hydrology, and thermal dynamics: Interactions with climate change. Geophysical Research Letters.
Ise, T., C.M. Litton, C.P. Giardina, and A. Ito. In Preparation. Comparison of modeling approaches for carbon partitioning: Impact on estimates of global net primary production and equilibrium biomass of woody vegetation from MODIS GPP. Global Change Biology.
BOOKS
Ise, T., T. Hajima, H. Sato, and T. Kato. 2009. Simulating the two-way feedback between terrestrial ecosystems and climate: Importance of forest ecological processes on global change, In: Forest Canopies: Forest Production, Ecosystem Health,and Climate Conditions, New York, NOVA.
SCIENTIFIC
PRESENTATIONS
Simulating the two-way feedback between terrestrial ecosystems and climate: Importance of terrestrial ecological processes on global change. 2009 Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting. (2009年8月, Albuquerque, NM, USA)
サブグリッドスケールの地表の多様性を広域生態系モデルで扱う：北方林におけるケーススタディ. 日本気象学会2009年度春季大会 (2009年5月, つくば)
陸面と大気のフィードバックが気候に与える影響：植生モデルの果たすべき役割 (Simulating land-atmosphere feedbacks in the earth climate system: recent progress in a dynamic vegetation model) 日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会 (2009年5月, 幕張)
Peatlands and climate change. Landuse and wetlands in the AR5 models. (2009年5月, Hamburg, Germany)
Simulating the two-way feedback between terrestrial ecosystems and climate: importance of forest ecological processes on global change. Landuse and wetlands in the AR5 models. (2009年5月, Hamburg, Germany)
March 2009. 55th Conference of the Ecological Society of Japan, Fukuoka, Japan. Symposium. Ise, T. Simulating the two-way feedback between terrestrial ecosystems and climate: importance of forest ecological processes on global change. 日本生態学会第56回大会 (2009年, 岩手)
High temperature sensitivity of peat decomposition due to physical-biogeochemical feedback. 1st International Symposium on the Arctic Research (2008年11月, 東京)
High temperature sensitivity of peat decomposition due to physical-biogeochemical feedback. (2008年10月, 国立環境研究所)
Quantifying local factors in medium-frequency trends of tree ring records: Case study from Canadian boreal forests. アメリカ生態学会 (2008年, 米国ミルウォーキー).
High temperature sensitivity of peat decomposition due to physical-biogeochemical feedback. 第12回日米地球変動ワークショップ (2008年７月, デンバー、ＮＣＡＲ).
High temperature sensitivity of peat decomposition due to physical-biogeochemical feedback. (2008年6月, 首都大学東京)
High temperature sensitivity of peat decomposition due to physical-biogeochemical feedback. (2008年5月, USDA Forest Service)
High temperature sensitivity of peat decomposition due to physical-biogeochemical feedback. (2008年4月, ハワイ大学)
Carbon dynamics in peatland: implications to climate change. March 2008. 55th Conference of the Ecological Society of Japan, Fukuoka, Japan. Oral presentation.
“Fast limits to peat bog growth”: A dynamic, mechanistic simulation of interacting peat carbon, hydrology, and thermal dynamics. August 2007. Ecological Society of America / Society of Ecological Restoration Joint Meeting at San Jose, California. Oral presentation.
Analyzing boreal forest dynamics under climate change. Graduate Student Symposium. May 2006. Harvard University. Oral presentation.
Simulation of boreal forest dynamics under climate change. May 2006. 2nd Annual Plant Biology Symposium, Harvard University. Poster presentation.
Biogeochemical interactions of boreal forest with climate change: implications from dendrochronology. March 2005. 52nd Conference of the Ecological Society of Japan, Osaka, Japan. Oral presentation.
The temperature and moisture dependencies of soil organic carbon decomposition at global scales: analysis using a mechanistic decomposition model. August 2004. 89th Conference of the Ecological Society of America at Portland, Oregon. Poster presentation.
The fate of soil organic carbon under climate change:
importance of vegetation change and possible positive feedback. February 2004.
OUTREACH（啓発・教育活動やボランティア）
未来世紀放送局ＨＯＰＥ. 2009. July 31. Internet TV broadcast. Interview, presentation, and discussion.
横浜環境会議. 2009. July 18. 海洋研究開発機構横浜研究所の紹介：地球温暖化とフィードバック—シミュレーションで何が分かるか. 講演.
海洋研究開発機構. 2009. 研究紹介（ＤＶＤ）. Interview and presentation.
New York Times. 2008. October 13. Temperatures May Dry Up Peat Bogs, Causing Carbon Release. Newspaper article.
Herald Sun. 2008. October 13. Climate threatens peat, threatens climate. Newspaper article.
Reuters. 2008. October 12. Warmer climate to dry up peatlands. Interview.
CONTRIBUTIONS
Keinath, D.A. 2005. Fringed Myotis (Myotis thysanodes):
A Technical Conservation assessment. October 29, 2004. December 12, 2005.
Prepared for the
Mackessy, S.P. 2005. Desert Massasauga Rattlesnake
(Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii): A Technical Conservation Assessment.
December 12, 2005. Prepared for the
Patla,
D.A. and D. Keinath. 2005. Columbia Spotted Frog (Rana luteiventris
formerly R. pretiosa):
A Technical Conservation Assessment. August 1, 2005. Prepared for the
Klaus, M. and G.P. Beauvais.
2004. Water Vole (Microtus richardsoni):
A Technical Conservation Assessment. January 20, 2004. Prepared for the
McDonald, D., N.M. Korfanta,
and S.J. Lantz. 2004. The Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia): A Technical Conservation
Assessment. September 14, 2004. Prepared for the
Litton, C.M., M.G. Ryan, and D.H. Knight. 2003. Effects of tree density and stand age on carbon allocation patterns in postfire lodgepole pine. Ecological Applications 14:460-475.
Litton, C.M., M.G. Ryan, D.H. Knight and P.D. Stahl. 2003. Soil-surface carbon dioxide efflux and microbial biomass in relation to tree density 13 years after a stand replacing fire in a lodgepole pine ecosystem. Global Change Biology 9: 680 doi:10.1046/j.1365- 2486.2003.00626.x.
Litton, C.M., M.G. Ryan, D.B. Tinker, and D.H. Knight. 2003. Belowground and aboveground biomass in young postfire lodgepole pine forests of contrasting tree density. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33: 351-363.
TEACHING
EXPERIENCES
At Harvard University:
OEB 55 Ecology.
Spring 2007. lecture and discussion.
OEB 10 Introduction to biodiversity. Fall 2007, Fall 2006.
laboratory and discussion.
OEB 51 Introduction to organismic biology.
Fall 2004. laboratory and discussion.
OEB 157 Global change biology. Spring 2006. discussion.
At the University of Wyoming:
BIOL 1010 General Biology. Spring 2002. laboratory.