FRONTIER RESEARCH ON EARTH EVOLUTION, VOL. 1 IFREE Report for 2001-2002

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CONTENTS Preface I. Kushiro

Mantle-Core Dynamics Scope of the program

Y. Fukao

Trans-Pacific temperature field in the mantle transition region from seismic and electromagnetic tomography

Y. Fukao, T. Koyama, M. Obayashi and H. Utada

Seismological constraints on structure of the mantle transition zone beneath the South Pacific and its implication for the ascending process of hot plumes

D. Suetsugu, T. Saita, H. Takenaka and F. Niu

Polynesia broadband ocean bottom seismic observation project

H. Shiobara, Y. Fukao, D. Suetsugu, H. Sugioka, T. Kanazawa and K. Suyehiro

Global time-domain analysis of the electrical conductivity structure of the Earth's mantle

Y. Hamano

Local Sq field behavior around Japan

M. Ichiki, H. Utada

Rayleigh wave phase velocities beneath the northeastern Philippine Sea as determined by data from long term broadband ocean bottom seismographs

T. Isse, D. Suetsugu, H. Shiobara, Y. Fukao, K.Mochizuki, T. Kanazawa, H. Sugioka, S, Kodaira and R. Hino

Experimental study of the transition time of convection patterns, and its application to the Wilson cycle

T. Yanagisawa and Y. Hamano

Modelling for convective heat transport based on mixing length theory

Y. Yamagishi and T. Yanagisawa

PP-P differential traveltime measurement with crustal correction

M. Obayashi, D. Suetsugu and Y. Fukao

Seismic phase project

S. Kamiya, D. Suetsugu, Y. Fukao, T. Isse, M. Obayashi, Y. Tono and J. Yoshimitsu

Determination of arrival time of diffracted P-waves by comparison of observed and synthetic waveforms

Y. Tono, Y. Fukao and N. Takeuchi

Geochemical Evolution Scope of the program

Y. Tatsumi

The subduction factory: Its role in the evolution of the Earth's mantle

Y. Tatsumi and T. Kogiso

Genetic linkage between calc-alkalic andesites and continental crusts: Contributions from NE Japan

Y. Tatsumi

The petrology and geochemistry of high-Mg andesites at the western tip of the Setouchi volcanic belt, SW Japan

Y. Tatsumi, H. Shukuno, K. Sato, T. Shibata and M. Yoshikawa

Hf isotopic study of Setouchi high-Mg andesites: Evidence for slab-melts contribution to magma formation

T. Hanyu, Y. Tatsumi and S. Nakai

Remelting and anti-fractionation of andesite magma body in Daisen volcano, Japan

Y. Tamura, N. Irino and H. Shukuno

A dynamic model of hot fingers in the mantle wedge in northeast Japan

Y. Tamura

Compositional variations of the Tanzawa plutonic complex

K. Tani

Magma processes recorded in An-rich plagioclase: Preliminary study from Asama volcano, central Japan

N. Irino

Osmium and rhenium transport during serpentinite dehydration at 1.0GPa

K. Suzuki, Y. Aizawa and Y. Tatsumi

Partial melting experiments of bimineralic eclogite and the origin of ocean island basalts

T. Kogiso and M. M. Hirschmann

Volcano-stratigraphic history interpreted from deep sea piston cores collected south of Hawaii

J. Naka and T. Kanamatsu

Mineralogy and phase transitions in the lower mantle

S. Ono

Development of a 850MPa type internally heated gas pressure vessel

T. Suzuki and E. Takahashi

Quantitative analysis of rock-forming minerals and volcanic glasses by electron probe microanalyzer

H. Shukuno

Plate Dynamics Scope of the program

Y. Kaneda

Cyclic ridge subduction at an inter-plate locked zone off central Japan

S. Kodaira, A. Nakanishi, J. -O. Park, A. Ito, T. Tsuru and Y. Kaneda

Splay fault branching along the Nankai subduction zone

J. -O. Park

Seismicity around the seaward updip limit of the Nankai Trough seismogenic zone revealed by repeated OBS observations

K. Obana, S. Kodaira, Y. Kaneda, K. Mochizuki and M. Shinohara

Deformable backstop as seaward end of coseismic slip in the Nankai Trough seismogenic zone

A. Nakanishi, S. Kodaira, J. -O. Park and Y. Kaneda

Shear-Wave splitting in Nankai trough (Japan) using ocean bottom seismometers and Hinet data

T. Volti, Y. Kaneda, S. Zatsepin and S. Crampin

Deformation history recorded in accreted sediments in an evolved portion of the Nankai accretionary prism

K. Ujiie

Tectonic setting of seismic faulting characterized by repeated pseudotachylyte formation in an ancient subduction zone, Okitsu Melange, Shimanto accretionary complex, SW Japan

A. Sakaguchi

Permeability measurements and precipitation sealing of basalt in an ancient exhumed fault of a subduction zone

A. Kato, A. Sakaguchi, S. Yoshida and H. Mochizuki

A rock of the seismic front in the subduction zone: Mélange including cataclastic fragment of oceanic crust

G. Kimura, E. Ikesawa, K. Ujiie, J. -O. Park, M. Matsumura and Y. Hashimoto

Physical criterion to evaluate seismic activity associated with the seismic cycle of great interplate earthquakes

T. Hori

On the relevance of thermal-viscous coupling as a model of frictional constitutive relationship

M. Kameyama

Long-term crustal deformation in and around Japan, simulated by a 3-D plate subduction model

C. Hashimoto

Plate subduction and stress localization at the Nankai trough, southwest Japan

J. Zhao, X. Wu, T. Hori, A. Smith, Y. Kaneda and S. Takemoto

Slip distributions of the 1944 Tonankai and 1946 Nankai earthquakes including the horizontal movement effect on tsunami generation

T. Baba

Seismicity within the subducting Philippine Sea Plate, southwest Japan: Defining a detailed 3-D plate interface

A. J. Smith, T. Baba and P. R. Cummins

Paleoenvironment Scope of the program

H. Kitazato

The role of benthic foraminifera in deep-sea food webs at the sediment-water interface: Results from in situ feeding experiments in Sagami Bay

H. Kitazato, H. Nomaki, P. Heinz and T. Nakatsuka

Phylogenetic relationships among the species of genus Bulimina (Foraminifera) inferred from ribosomal DNA sequences

H. Kitazato, M. Tazume and M. Tsuchiya

Why Cretaceous black shales have high C/N ratios: Implications from SEM-EDX observations for Livello Bonarelli black shales at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary

N. Ohkouchi, J. Kuroda, M. Okada and H. Tokuyama

A study on anoxic environment in brackish lake, Kaiike, Kagoshima prefecture: A gateway to ocean anoxic events in the Earth history

K. Oguri, M. Itou, S. Sakai, T. Hisamitsu, S. Hirano, H. Kitazato, Y. Koizumi, M. Fukui and A. Taira

Evolution of the geochemical cycles of redox-sensitive elements

K. E. Yamaguchi

Lithology and physical properties of core samples obtained from the Sagara oil field, central Japan: Preliminary results of the Sagara Drilling Program (SDP)

S. Hirano, Y. Araki, H. Wada, and Sagara Drilling Program Scientific Party

Some problems associated with the analysis and interpretation of mass-independent fractionation of sulfur isotopes: Implications for the Earth's early sulfur cycle

K. E. Yamaguchi

Nitrogen isotope ratio of fish specimens and sediments as a tool for evaluating recent changes in lacustrine environments

N. O. Ogawa and E. Wada

Compound specific radiocarbon and δ13C measurements of fatty acids in a continental aerosol sample and paleoceanographic and geochemical significances

K. Matsumoto, M. Uchida, K. Kawamura, Y. Shibata and M. Morita

Quaternary sea surface temperatures and reef development inferred from δ18O of planktic foraminifers in shallow-water carbonates

S. Sakai

Millennium scale sudden and abrupt sea-ice expansion events in the Sea of Okhotsk based on analysis of ice-rafted debris (IRD) in marine sediment cores

T. Sakamoto, T. Tanabe, H. Shimizu, K. Iijima, M. Ikehara, N. Kimura, K. Aoki, T. Nakatsuka and M. Wakatsuchi

A novel proxy for oceanic mixed layer depth

M. Itou

Liquid gelatin fixation method for very soft sediment: New technique for sample handling on non-destructive measurements of soft sedimentary cores by X-ray CT scanning and Multi-Sensor Core Logger

T. Hisamitsu, S. Hirano, S. Sakai, H. Kitazato, M. Murayama, O. Tadai and H. Yasuda

Preliminary investigation of in-situ, high-pressure, high-fO2 metasomatism and metamorphism of meta-basalt to whiteschist

S. Johnson

Macquarie Island's Finch-Langdon fault: A ridge-transform inside corner structure

K. L Wertz, S. Mosher, N. R. Daczko and M. F. Coffin

Structure and development of a microcontinent: Elan bank in the southern Indian Ocean

I. Borissova, M. F. Coffin, P. Charvis and S. Operto

Shock heating of silicate-metal mixture

H. Senshu

Silicate vapor in laser ablation and hypervelocity impacts

T. Kadono, S. Sugita, N. K. Mitani, M. Fuyuki, S. Ohno, Y. Sekine and T. Matsui

Data and Sample Analyses Scope of the program

Y. Kaneda, S. Tsuboi and Y. Tatsumi

Y. Kaneda, S. Tsuboi and Y. Tatsumi

Physical significance of soft core splitting modes of the Earth

S. Tsuboi and M. Saito

Fast three-dimensional inversion of the electrical conductivity structure in a flat Earth

T. Koyama

Optimally accurate finite difference operators for computing synthetic seismograms when elastic discontinuities do not coincide with the numerical grids

H. Mizutani and R. J. Geller

Database of short-period waveforms and times of seismic phase first arrivals

A. Gorbatov and S. Tsuboi

Interplate sedimentary layers observed by MCS reflection survey at the Japan Trench margin

T. Tsuru, J. -O. Park, S. Miura, N. Takahashi, A. Nakanishi, Y. Kido, S. Kodaira and Y. Kaneda

Seismic velocity structure off Miyagi fore-arc region, Japan Trench, using ocean bottom seismographic data

S. Miura, N. Takahashi, A. Nakanishi, A. Ito, S. Kodaira, T. Tusru and Y. Kaneda

Present and fossil serpentine diapirs as sources of geophysical anomalies along forearc regions of Izu-Bonin-Mariana and southwest Japan

Y. Kido, K. Fujioka, S. Machida and H. Sato

Core-log-seismic data integration for high-resolution seismic stratigraphy

K. T. Moe, K. Tamaki, S. Kuramoto, R. Tada, S. Saito and T. Williams

Cenozoic volcanism in northern Sikhote Alin, Far East Russia, and its implication for the opening of the Japan Sea

K. Sato, Y. Tatsumi and V. Prikhodko

Precise determination of trace elements in geological standard rocks using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

Q. Chang, T. Shibata, K. Shinotsuka, M. Yoshikawa and Y. Tatsumi

An analytical method for determining precise Sr and Nd isotopic compositions and results for thirteen rock standard materials

T. Shibata, M. Yoshikawa and Y. Tatsumi

Evaluation of "Re-filaments" in order to obtain high reproducibility in lead isotope measurements by thermal ionization mass spectrometer (TIMS)

T. Miyazaki, M. Yoshikawa, T. Shibata and Y. Tatsumi

Determination of platinum group elements using preconcentration by nickel sulfide fire assay, followed by tellurium coprecipitation

K. Shinotsuka, K. Suzuki and Y. Tatsumi

Analytical procedure for osmium and rhenium isotopes

K. Suzuki and M. Honda

Re-Os isotope systematics of HIMU oceanic island basalts from Tubuai, Polynesia

M. Honda, K. Suzuki and Y. Tatsumi

Re-Os isotope systematics in loess and paleosols from the Yili Basin, NW China: Implications for the loess-paleosol sequence osmium isotope record

M. Honda, S. Yabuki, K. Suzuki, W. Yei and Y. Tatsumi

Bibliography (papers published by IFREE researchers)

Organization of IFREE and personnel