XCTD data in the TOCS project
                                                                   Oct.6, 2006
                                                                by Yuji Kashino

XCTD observations were carried out at some stations because of saving ship-time and to 
avoid pirates after the KY9901 cruises. For these observations, we used XCTD-1 probes, 
the data converter, MK-100, and a hand-held launcher made by Tsurumi Seiki Co. Ltd. 
Temperature and salinity were measured down to 1000m except for some casts. Depth 
values were calculated using the formula developed by Mizuno and Watanabe (1998). 

Data processing was carried out as follows:
1) Data was first averaged in 1m bins. 
2) Considering compatibility with CTD data set, depth values were then converted to 
  pressure values. Then, temperature and salinity values were calculated every 1 dbar by 
  interpolating values of the bins above and below. 
3) Finally, a data set with the same format as CTD was created. 

We checked XCTD performance at st.X029 during KY9901 cruise and X088 during KY9909, 
deploying more than two XCTD probes and comparing CTD data. The results demonstrated 
an accuracy of 0.01 K in temperature and 0.01-0.02 PSU in salinity. However, salinity 
offset with value of +/-0.05PSU was sometimes seen at the deepest layer (1000db). We 
did not correct this offset. Therefore, when XCTD data is used, please check T-S 
diagram and compare with climatorological data such as World Ocean Atlas. 

Data format is almost the same as that of CTD defined in the WOCE Hydrographic 
Programme (WHP) as follows:

1st line: Expedition designation (country code(49), ship code(XK), cruise/leg 
designation), line name and date(month/day/year).
format(9x,a10,12x,a5,6x,3i2)

2nd line: Station number, the number of records, and cast number.
format(7x,i3,12x,i5,9x,i2)

3rd line: date(day/month/year), time(hour/minute) and location(latitude/longitude, N/S: 
North/South, E/W: East/West).
format(i2,1x,a3,1x,i4,1x,i2,1x,i2,2x,i2,1x,f5.2,1x,a1,1x,i3,1x,f5.1,1x,a1)

4th line: Headers for data columns.

5th line: Units headers for data columns.
Pressure:deci-bar, 
Temperature: degree (ITS-90), 
Salinity: Practical Salinity Unit, 
(For compatibility with CTD data set, columns of dissolved oxygen, number of 
observation per bin, and flags are added.) 

6th line: Separation

7th line-End of file: Data lines (pressure, in-situ temperature, salinity). Pressure 
interval is one deci-bar. Data flags are always 2.
format(f8.1,2f8.3)


Following is a sample FORTRAN program.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
c
c   Sample program
c
      character expocode*10,lineid*5,NS*1,EW*2,cmonth*3,dummy*48
      dimension p(5000),t(5000),s(5000)
c
      open(10,file='G:\TOCS\Ky0111\XCTD\K0111001.XCT',status='old')
c
      read(10,101) expocode,lineid,imo,idy,iyr
  101 format(9x,a10,12x,a5,6x,3i2) 
      write(6,201) expocode,lineid,imo,idy,iyr
  201 format('EXPOCODE='a10,1x,'Line id='a5,1x,'Date=',i2,'/',i2,'/',i2)
c
      read(10,102) istnnbr,irec,icast
  102 format(7x,i3,12x,i5,9x,i2)
      write(6,202) istnnbr,irec,icast
  202 format('Stn No.=',i3,1x,'No of records=',i5,1x,'Cast No.=',i2)
c
      read(10,103) idy,cmon,iyr,ihr,imi,ilat,flat,NS,ilon,flon,EW
  103 format(i2,1x,a3,1x,i4,1x,i2,1x,i2,2x,i2,1x,f5.2,1x,a1,1x,i3,
     @       1x,f5.1,1x,a1)
      write(6,203) idy,cmon,iyr,ihr,imi,ilat,flat,NS,ilon,flon,EW
  203 format('Date=',i2,'/',a3,'/',i4,1x,'Time='i2,':',i2,1x,
     @       'Lat= ',i3,'-',f5.2,a1,1x,'Lon= ',i3,'-',f5.2,a1)
c
      read(10,'(a)') dummy
      read(10,'(a)') dummy
      read(10,'(a)') dummy
c
      do 10 n=1,irec
         read(10,104) p(n),t(n),s(n)
  104    format(f8.1,2f8.3)
         if( n.eq.1 .or. n.eq.irec ) then
            write(6,204) p(n),t(n),s(n)
  204       format('P=',f8.1,1x,'T=',f8.3,1x,'S=',f8.3)
         endif
   10 continue
      close(10)
      stop
      end