Database for time-series stations K2 and S1

These data are vertical profiles recorded by the FRRF deployed using a winch onboard the research vessel at stations K2 and S1. Except for station K2 and S1, a part of the data observed by other institutes are also available. Data are arranged as one MS Excel file for each cast.

FRRF data are stored in MS Excel format.

(Definition of filename)
FRRF_Observation ID_Station_Date.xlsx

Observation ID：FRRF data measured during the MIRAI cruises　(MR****) [MR **** is cruise ID]
FRRF data measured with the POPPS buoy　(PB****) [PB stands for POPPS Buoy, **** is installation date (the last two digits of the year + the two digits of the month)]
Station： station name
Date： observational day and starting time (local time) (the two digits of the month + the two digits of the day + the two digits of the hour + the two digits of the minute)
Example：　FRRF_MR10-06_K2_10260455.xlsx or FRRF_PB1001_S1_02031200.xlsx

(Contents of file)
The file consists of three pages (Raw、Selected、Figure).

・Sheet [Raw]
Photosystem II (PSII) parameters were derived from a single-turnover-type fluorescence induction curve by using custom-written software (calc2.exe) in accordance with the procedure described by Kolber et al. (1998) [Biochim Biophys Acta 1367: 88-106]. Software version 1.5.4 (for the analysis of K2 and S1 data) and 1.5.3 (data observed by other institutes) were used respectively.
・Sheet [Selected]
Primary production rates were calculated according to the equation described by Kolber and Falkowski (1993) [Limnol Oceanogr 38: 1646-1665].

Column and Content
A1-B5: Date of observation (UTC), station
A7-C9: Data quality control
V6-V10: Conversion factor (from FmD to Chl a concentration)
AA5-AG9: Equations and parameters for calculating primary productivity

Header and Content
Time: hh:mm:ss
Depth: Meters
PAR: Photosynthetically active radiation (μmolquanta m^-2 s^-1)
FOL: Minimum fluorescence yield under actinic light
FmL: Maximum fluorescence yield under actinic light
R2L: Correlation coefficient under actinic light measurement
SigL: Effective absorption cross section of PSII under actinic light (Ų quanta^–1)
pL: Connectivity between PSII reaction centers under actinic light
TauL: Turnover time for oxidation of Qa^- under actinic light (μs)
FOD: Minimum fluorescence yield in darkness
FmD: Maximum fluorescence yield in darkness
R2D: Correlation coefficient in darkness measurement
SigD: Effective absorption cross section of PSII in darkness (Ų quanta^–1)
pD: Connectivity between PSII reaction centers in darkness
TauD: Turnover time for oxidation of Qa^- in darkness (μs)
FvL: Variable fluorescence under actinic light (FmL-FOL)
FvL/FmL: Photochemical efficiency under actinic light
FvD: Variable fluorescence in darkness (FmD-FOD)
FvD/FmD: Maximum photochemical efficiency
Chl-a(FmD): Chlorophyll a concentration estimated from FmD (mg m^-3)
PAR: Photosynthetically active radiation (quanta m^-2 s^-1)
σpsii: Effective absorption cross section of PSII under actinic light (m² quanta^–1)
τqa:Turnover time for oxidation of Qa^- under actinic light (s)
C(E):Fraction of reaction centers closed
F':Fluorescence yield under actinic light
Qp:Photochemical quenching coefficient under actinic light
1/τp:Rate of electron transfer from PSII to PSI (s^-1)
Φe:Quantum yield of electron transport for O₂ evolution in PSII (O₂ quanta^-1)
PbO:Rate of O₂ evolution (O₂ Chla^-1 s^-1)
PbC:Rate of carbon fixation (mgC mgChla^-1 h^-1)

Equations for calculating primary productivity (Kolber and Falkowski (1993) Limnol Oceanogr 38: 1646-1665)

Rate of O₂ evolution (PbO) can be determined by substituting the parameters into the following equation:
PbO = PAR・σpsii・ Qp・Φe・nPSII・(FvD/FmD/0.65)

where
Qp = (FmD-F')/(FmD-FOD)
F' = FOD+(FmD-FOD)・C(E)
C(E) = PAR・σpsii /(PAR・σpsii+1/TauL)

Φe can be expressed as
Φe = 0.250 if PAR・σpsii・Qp　≦　1/τp
Φe = 0.250/(PAR・σpsii・Qp・τp) if PAR・σpsii・Qp　＞　1/τp

where
τp　= 1/(Ek・σpsii)
Ek　= 1.20×10²⁰　[quanta m^-2 s^-1] (Ek: Light saturation constant of P-E response curve)
nPSII = 0.002 [molRCII molChla^–1] (nPSII: Photosynthetic unit size of PSII)

Rate of carbon fixation (PbC) can be determined as
PbC　= 3600・(PbO/R)・(MC/MChla)

where
R: Ratio of evolved O₂ to fixed CO₂ (= 1 molO₂ molC^–1)
MC: Atomic weight of carbon (= 12.01)
MChla: Molecular weight of chlorophyll a (= 893.5)

・Sheet [Figure]
Vertical profiles of PAR (μmolquanta m^-2 s^-1), PbC (mgC mgChla^-1 h^-1), chl-a (mg m^-3), R², Fv/Fm, σpsii (Ų quanta^–1), τ (μs) and Qp are shown in figures.
Red lines are the data measured in the light chamber. Blue lines are the data measured in the dark chamber.