{"id":11064,"date":"2024-04-05T02:38:25","date_gmt":"2024-04-05T02:38:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/?page_id=11064"},"modified":"2026-03-23T03:51:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T03:51:32","slug":"diagnostics-explained","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"RID diagnostics explained"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The RID provides various data divided into three components:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Component<\/strong><\/td>Label<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Zonal-mean data on pressure levels<\/a><\/td>zonal<\/td><\/tr>
Horizontal slices of selected pressure levels<\/a><\/td>single-level<\/td><\/tr>
Zonal slices of selected latitudes<\/a> *under development<\/td>longitude-pressure<\/td><\/tr>
Surface variables<\/a> *under development<\/td>surface<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
The three major components of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Zonal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The zonal-mean component of the dataset is composed of the following subcomponents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Label<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
core<\/a><\/td>Core set of zonal-mean variables<\/td><\/tr>
fluxes<\/a><\/td>Eddy covariance terms based on zonal anomalies<\/td><\/tr>
dt<\/a><\/td>Temporal derivatives<\/td><\/tr>
mom<\/a><\/td>Diagnostics based on the momentum equation<\/td><\/tr>
tem-qg<\/a><\/td>Transformed Eulerian mean diagnostics based on quasi-geostrophic equations<\/td><\/tr>
tem-pr<\/a><\/td>Transformed Eulerian mean diagnostics based on primitive equations<\/td><\/tr>
tem-thermo<\/a><\/td>Thermodynamic diagnostics based on Transformed Eulerian mean primitive equations<\/td><\/tr>
moist<\/a><\/td>Diagnostics involving specific humidity<\/td><\/tr>
diab<\/a><\/td>Diabatic heating diagnostics *under development<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Subcomponents of the zonal component of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Notation: Overbars ($\\overline{x}$) denote zonal averages and primes ($’$) departures therefrom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zonal diagnostics are provided on the following pressure levels:<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n
<\/th>\n Common<\/th>\n 20CRv2<\/th>\n 20CRv2c<\/th>\n 20CRv3<\/th>\n CFSR<\/th>\n CFSv2<\/th>\n ERA-20C<\/th>\n ERA-40<\/th>\n ERA-Interim<\/th>\n ERA5<\/th>\n ERA5.1<\/th>\n JRA-25<\/th>\n JRA-3Q<\/th>\n JRA-55<\/th>\n JRA-55C<\/th>\n MERRA<\/th>\n MERRA-2<\/th>\n NCEP-DOE-R2<\/th>\n NCEP-NCAR-R1<\/th>\n OCADA<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n
Pressure Levels (hPa)<\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n
1<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
2<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
3<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
5<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
7<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
10<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
20<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
30<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
50<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
70<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
100<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
150<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
200<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
250<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
300<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
400<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
500<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
600<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
700<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
850<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
925<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/tr>\n
1000<\/th>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n o<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

core: zonal mean of core variables<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{u}$<\/td>Zonal-mean zonal wind<\/td>u<\/td>$m\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{v}$<\/td>Zonal-mean meridional wind<\/td>v<\/td>$m\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{\\omega}$<\/td>Zonal-mean pressure velocity<\/td>w<\/td>$Pa\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{T}$<\/td>Temperature<\/td>t<\/td>$K$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{Z}$<\/td>Geopotential height<\/td>z<\/td>$m$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Main (core) variables provided in the reanalysis intercomparison dataset<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

fluxes: eddy covariance terms based on zonal anomalies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{u’^2}$<\/td>Zonal wind variance<\/td>uu<\/td>$m^2\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{v’^2}$<\/td>Meridional wind variance<\/td>vv<\/td>$m^2\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
EKE<\/td>Eddy kinetic energy<\/td>obtained by adding <\/em>uu and <\/em>vv<\/td>$m^2\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{Z’^2}$<\/td>Variance of geopotential height<\/td>zz<\/td>$m^2$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{T’^2}$<\/td>Temperature variance<\/td>tt<\/td>$K^2$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{u’v’}$<\/td>Covariance of zonal and meridional wind anomalies, or meridional mementum flux<\/td>vu<\/td>$m^2\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{u’\\omega’}$<\/td>Covariance of zonal wind anomalies and pressure-velocity wind anomalies, or meridional momentum flux<\/td>wu<\/td>$m\\,Pa\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{v’T’}$<\/td>Covariance of meridional wind anomalies and temperature anomalies, or meridional heat flux<\/td>vt<\/td>$m\\,K\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{\\omega’T’}$<\/td>Covariance of pressure velocity anomalies and temperature anomalies, or vertical heat flux<\/td>wt<\/td>$Pa\\,K\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Covariance (fluxes) terms provided in the reanalysis intercomparison dataset.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

dt: temporal derivatives<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$\\partial{}\\overline{T}\/\\partial{}t$<\/td>Time derivative of temperature<\/td>t_dt<\/td>$K\\, s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\partial{}\\overline{u}\/\\partial{}t$<\/td>Time derivative of zonal wind<\/td>u_dt<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Temporal derivative (dt) provided in the reanalysis intercomparison dataset. Useful to assess residuals of momentum and thermodynamic equations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

mom: diagnostics of the momentum equation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$f\\overline{v}$<\/td>Acceleration by Coriolis torque<\/td>coriolis_torque<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$ – \\overline{v}\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{u}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial\\phi}$<\/td>Acceleration by meridional advection of momentum<\/td>u_adv_by_v<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$- \\overline{\\omega}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{u}}{\\partial{}p} $<\/td>Acceleration by vertical advection of momentum<\/td>u_adv_by_w<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$-\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{\\omega’u’})}{\\partial{}p}$<\/td>Acceleration by vertical momentum flux convergence<\/td>u_accel_by_wu_flux<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$- \\frac{1}{a\\cos^2\\phi}\\frac{\\partial(\\overline{u’v’}\\cos^2\\phi)}{\\partial\\phi}$<\/td>Acceleration by meridional momentum flux convergence<\/td>u_accel_by_vu_flux<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Acceleration terms provided in the momentum diagnostics (mom) of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In the zonal mean, the momentum equation is written:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\frac{\\partial\\overline{u}}{\\partial{}t} = \\overbrace{f\\overline{v}}^{\\text{coriolis_torque}} \\underbrace{- \\overline{v}\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{u}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial\\phi}}_{\\text{u_adv_by_v}} \\overbrace{-\\overline{\\omega}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{u}}{\\partial{}p}}^{\\text{u_adv_by_w}} \\underbrace{- \\frac{1}{a\\cos^2\\phi}\\frac{\\partial(\\overline{u’v’}\\cos^2\\phi)}{\\partial\\phi}}_{\\text{u_accel_by_vu_flux}}\\overbrace{-\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{\\omega’u’})}{\\partial{}p}}^{\\text{u_accel_by_wu_flux}} $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tem-qg and tem-pr: diagnostics of Eliassen-Palm flux and transformed Eulerian mean<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$\\phi$<\/td>latitude<\/td>lat<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
$p$<\/td> pressure<\/td>pre<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
$a$<\/td>Earth radius, 6371000 m<\/td><\/td>$m$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{v}^*$<\/td>Meridional component of residual circulation<\/td>vres<\/td>$m\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{\\omega}^*$<\/td>Vertical component of residual circulation<\/td>wres<\/td>$Pa\\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$f\\overline{v}^*$<\/td>Coriolis torque<\/td>coriolis_torque_tem<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$- \\overline{v}^*\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{u}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial{}\\phi}$<\/td>Momentum advection by meridional residual circulation<\/td>u_adv_by_vres$^{1}$<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$- \\overline{\\omega}^*\\frac{\\partial\\overline{u}}{\\partial{}p}$<\/td>Momentum advection by vertical residual circulation<\/td>u_adv_by_wres$^{1}$<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$F_p$<\/td>vertical component of EP-flux<\/td>EPF_pre_[qg,pr]<\/td>$Pa\\,m^{2}\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$F_\\phi$<\/td>meridional component of EP-flux<\/td>EPF_lat_[qg,pr]<\/td>$m^{3}\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\frac{(\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F})_p}{a\\cos\\phi}$<\/td>EP-flux divergence impact on zonal wind acceleration, vertical component<\/td>EPFD_pre_[qg,pr]$^{2}$<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\frac{(\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F})_\\phi}{a\\cos\\phi}$<\/td>EP-flux divergence impact on zonal wind acceleration, meridional component<\/td>EPFD_lat_[qg,pr]$^{2}$<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\frac{\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F}}{a\\cos\\phi}$<\/td>EP-flux divergence impact on zonal wind acceleration<\/td>obtained by adding<\/em> EPFD_pre_[qg,pr] and <\/em>EPFD_lat_[qg,pr]<\/td>$m\\,s^{-2}$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Transformed Eulerian mean diagnostics of the RID. Quasi-geostrophic diagnostics are found in tem-qg files, and primitive-equation diagnostics are found in tem-pr files.
1 These variables belong to tem-pr but were saved in tem-qg by mistake.
2 These variables contain errors in NetCDF documentation. Please ignore.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In the transformed Eulerian mean, the momentum equation is written<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\frac{\\partial{}\\overline{u}}{\\partial{t}} = \\overbrace{f\\overline{v}^*}^{\\text{coriolis_torque_tem}} \\underbrace{- \\overline{v}^*\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{u}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial{}\\phi}}_{\\text{u_adv_by_vres}} \\overbrace{- \\overline{\\omega}^*\\frac{\\partial\\overline{u}}{\\partial{}p}}^{\\text{u_adv_by_wres}} + \\frac{\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F}}{a\\cos\\phi}$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

where the residual circulation is defined as<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\overbrace{\\overline{v}^*}^{\\text{vres}}=\\overline{v}-\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial{}p}\\left[\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}}{\\partial{}\\overline{\\theta}\/\\partial{}p}\\right]$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\overbrace{\\overline{\\omega}^*}^{\\text{wres}}= \\overline{\\omega}+\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial\\phi}\\left[\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}\\cos\\phi}{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}\/\\partial{}p}\\right]$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The equation of the EP-flux divergence is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F}=\\underbrace{ \\frac{1}{a\\cos{}\\phi} \\frac{\\partial{}(\\overbrace{F_\\phi}^{\\text{EPF_lat_[qg,pr]}}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial{}\\phi}}_{(\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F})_\\phi}+\\underbrace{\\frac{\\partial{}\\overbrace{F_p}^{\\text{EPF_pre_[qg,pr]}}}{\\partial{}p}}_{(\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F})_p}$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the dataset, the EP-flux divergence is provided in the form of its impact on zonal wind acceleration<\/em>. It is therefore scaled by $\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}$:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\overbrace{\\frac{(\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F})_p}{a\\cos\\phi}}^{\\text{EPFD_pre_[qg,pr]}}= \\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial{}\\overbrace{F_p}^{\\text{EPF_pre_[qg,pr]}}}{\\partial{}p}$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\overbrace{\\frac{(\\nabla\\cdot\\mathbf{F})_\\phi}{a\\cos\\phi}}^{\\text{EPFD_lat_[qg,pr]}}= \\frac{1}{(a\\cos{}\\phi)^2} \\frac{\\partial{}(\\overbrace{F_\\phi}^{\\text{EPF_lat_[qg,pr]}}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial{}\\phi}$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EP-flux is defined as follows (terms only included in the primitive-equation version are indicated with “pr”)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\{F_{\\phi},\\,F_p\\} = a\\cos\\phi\\left\\{\\overbrace{\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}}{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}\/\\partial{}p}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{u}}{\\partial{p}}}^{\\text{pr}}-\\overline{u’v’} , \\, -\\overbrace{\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}}{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}\/\\partial{}p}\\frac{1}{a\\cos\\phi}\\frac{\\partial{}(\\overline{u}\\cos\\phi)}{\\partial\\phi}}^{\\text{pr}}+\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}}{\\partial{}\\overline{\\theta}\/\\partial{}p}f-\\overbrace{\\overline{\\omega’u’} }^{\\text{pr}}\\right\\} $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For a reference with these equations, although in a slightly different form, refer to Martineau, P., Wright, J. S., Zhu, N. and Fujiwara, M.: Zonal-mean data set of global atmospheric reanalyses on pressure levels, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10(4), 1925\u20131941, doi:10.5194\/essd-10-1925-2018, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wavenumber decompositions are provided for EP-flux in the NetCDF files in the following order: full field, wavenumber 1, wavenumber 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

tem-thermo: thermodynamic equation from the transformed Eulerian mean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$-\\overline{v}^*\\frac{1}{a}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}\\phi}$<\/td>Advection of potential temperature by the meridional residual circulation<\/td>theta_adv_by_vres<\/td>$K \\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$ – \\overline{\\omega}^*\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}p}$<\/td>Advection of potential temperature by the vertical residual circulation<\/td>theta_adv_by_wres<\/td>$K \\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$-\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial{}p}\\left(\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial\\phi}}{a\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}p}}+\\overline{\\omega’\\theta’}\\right)$<\/td>Potential temperature tendency due to eddy fluxes<\/td>flux_term<\/td>$K \\,s^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Thermodynamic equation diagnostics in the transformed Eulerian mean (tem_thermo) provided in the reanalysis intercomparison dataset.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In the transformed Eulerian mean, the thermodynamic equation takes the following form:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$$\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}t} = \\overbrace{-\\overline{v}^*\\frac{1}{a}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}\\phi}}^{\\text{theta_adv_by_vres}} \\underbrace{- \\overline{\\omega}^*\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}p}}_{\\text{theta_adv_by_wres}}\\overbrace{-\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial{}p}\\left(\\frac{\\overline{v’\\theta’}\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial\\phi}}{a\\frac{\\partial\\overline{\\theta}}{\\partial{}p}}+\\overline{\\omega’\\theta’}\\right)}^{\\text{flux_term}}+Q$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

moist: diagnostics involving specific humidity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Symbol<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>NetCDF name<\/strong><\/td>Units<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{q}$<\/td>Specific humidity<\/td>q<\/td>$kg\\, kg^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{v’q’}$<\/td>Meridional flux of specific humidity \/ meridional moisture flux<\/td>vq<\/td>$m\\,s^{-1}\\,kg\\,kg^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr>
$\\overline{\\omega’q’}$<\/td>Vertical flux of specific humidity \/ vertical moisture flux<\/td>wq<\/td>$Pa\\,s^{-1}\\,kg\\,kg^{-1}$<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Disgnostics involving specific humidity (moist) provided in the reanalysis intercomparison dataset.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

diab: diagnostics involving diabatic processes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Under development<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Variable<\/td>Description<\/td>NetCDF name<\/td><\/tr>
Longwave heating<\/td>Diabatic heating by longwave radiation<\/td>ttlwhr<\/td><\/tr>
Shortwave heating<\/td>Diabatic heating by shorwave radiation<\/td>ttswhr<\/td><\/tr>
Diabatic heating<\/td>Diabatic heating<\/td>ttdiab<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Diagnostics involving diabatic heating provided in the reanalysis intercomparison dataset. All units are $Kday^{-1}$. ttdiab includes the forcing by ttlwhr and ttswhr in addition to non-radiative parametrized processes.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Single-level<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Variable<\/strong><\/td>Description<\/strong><\/td>Levels (hPa)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
$T$<\/td>Temperature<\/td>850<\/td><\/tr>
$q$<\/td>Specific humidity<\/td>850<\/td><\/tr>
$Z$<\/td>Geopotential height<\/td>500, 10<\/td><\/tr>
$u$<\/td>Eastward wind \/ zonal wind<\/td>850<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Variables provided in the single-level component of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset. They are provided on a common 2.5 by 2.5 degree grid.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Longitude-pressure<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

This component is under development, some files are available on our server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Variable<\/td>Description<\/td>Latitudes<\/td><\/tr>
$T$<\/td>Temperature<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr>
$u$<\/td>Eastward wind \/ zonal wind<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr>
$v$<\/td>Northward wind \/ meridional wind<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Variables provided in the longitude-pressure component of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset. They are provided on a common longitude\/pressure grid.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Surface<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Under development<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The RID provides various data divided into three components: Component Label Zonal-mean data on pressure levels zonal Horizontal slices of selected pressure levels single-level Zonal slices of selected latitudes *under development longitude-pressure Surface variables *under development surface The three major components of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset Zonal The zonal-mean component of the dataset is composed … Continue reading “RID diagnostics explained”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11064","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nRID diagnostics explained - RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"RID diagnostics explained - RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The RID provides various data divided into three components: Component Label Zonal-mean data on pressure levels zonal Horizontal slices of selected pressure levels single-level Zonal slices of selected latitudes *under development longitude-pressure Surface variables *under development surface The three major components of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset Zonal The zonal-mean component of the dataset is composed … Continue reading "RID diagnostics explained"\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-23T03:51:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/\",\"name\":\"RID diagnostics explained - RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-04-05T02:38:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-23T03:51:32+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"RID diagnostics explained\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/#website\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/\",\"name\":\"RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"RID diagnostics explained - RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"RID diagnostics explained - RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset","og_description":"The RID provides various data divided into three components: Component Label Zonal-mean data on pressure levels zonal Horizontal slices of selected pressure levels single-level Zonal slices of selected latitudes *under development longitude-pressure Surface variables *under development surface The three major components of the reanalysis intercomparison dataset Zonal The zonal-mean component of the dataset is composed … Continue reading \"RID diagnostics explained\"","og_url":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/","og_site_name":"RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset","article_modified_time":"2026-03-23T03:51:32+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/","url":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/","name":"RID diagnostics explained - RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset","isPartOf":{"@id":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-04-05T02:38:25+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-23T03:51:32+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/diagnostics-explained\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"RID diagnostics explained"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/#website","url":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/","name":"RID - Reanalysis Intercomparison Dataset","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11064"}],"version-history":[{"count":276,"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87203,"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11064\/revisions\/87203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/ridweb.jamstec.go.jp\/RID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}