海氷の減少に象徴されるように、この10～20年の間に北極域の環境は劇的に変化することが予測されています。北極海の海氷減少は海洋循環や水塊特性を変化させ、その影響は生態系や物質循環にも及ぶことが予想されます。また北極海の熱・淡水(塩)収支の変化は北半球の大気循環場や陸域の水循環、そして全球熱塩大循環の一つの源でもある北大西洋北部の海洋変動などにも影響を及ぼします。北極海域における変化は、もはや北極海域のみの問題ではないとの認識が広がりつつあるのです。

本研究課題では、既に変化が顕著である北極海域の海洋・海氷・気象に関する観測研究を拡充させ、北極海で起きている環境変化とその影響に注目した研究を行います。具体的な研究課題としては、

1. 北極海海洋循環・水塊分布の実態と変化の把握
2. 海氷を介する相互作用プロセスと大気熱力学構造・変化の解明
3. 北極海の環境変化に伴う海洋生物地球化学的応答の把握

を取り上げ、激変が起きている北極海の環境変化を総合的に理解することを目的とします。

一方、北極海の環境変化に対応した新たな観測手法（例えば季節海氷域用漂流ブイなど）の導入や、国際連携による北極海での継続的な総合観測を主導することで、今後起きる変化を見逃さない観測体制の構築を目指します。

論文成果一覧・Publication List (Peer reviewed paper only)

2012 (As of Jan.16, 2012)

Kawaguchi, Yusuke, J. Hutchings, T. Kikuchi, J.H.Morison, and R. Krishfield (2012), Anomalous sea ice reduction in Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean during summer 2010, Polar Science, Accepted in Nov. 2011. 

 

2009-2011

Gueguen, C., F. A. McLaughlin, E. C. Carmack, M. Itoh, H. Narita, S. Nishino (2011), The nature of colored dissolved organic matter in the southern Canada Basin and East Siberian Sea, Deep-Sea Res. II, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.05.004.

Hori, M.E., J. Inoue, T. Kikuchi, M. Honda, and Y. Tachibana (2011), Recurrence of Intraseasonal Cold Air outbreak During the 2009/2010 Winter in Japan and its ties to the Atmospheric Condition over the Barents-Kara Sea, SOLA, Vol.7, p.25-28, doi:10,2151/sola.2011-007.  (see JAMSTEC Press release on Feb.10, 2012, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/j/about/press_release/20110210/) 

Inoue, Jun, M. E. Hori, T. Enomoto, and T. Kikuchi (2011), Intercomparison of surface heat transfer neat the Arctic marginal ice zone for multiple reanalysis: A case study of September 2009, SOLA, Vol.7, 57-60, doi:10.2151/sola.2011-015. 

Inoue, Jun, M. E. Hori, Y. Tachibana, and T. Kikuchi (2010), A polar low embedded in a blocking high over the Pacific Arctic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14808, doi:10.1029/2010GL043946. 

Inoue, Jun, T. Enomoto, T. Miyoshi, and S. Yamane (2009), Impact of observations from Arctic drifting buoys on the reanalysis of surface fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L08501, doi:10.1029/2009GL037380. (See JAMSTEC Press release on Apr.2, 2009, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/j/about/press_release/20090402/index.html)

Itoh, Motoyo, J. Inoue, K. Shimada, S. Zimmermann, T. Kikuchi, J. Hutchings, F. McLaughlin, and E. Carmack (2011), Acceleration of sea ice melting due to transmission of solar radiation through ponded ice area in the Arctic Ocean: results of in situ observation from ice breakers in 2006 and 2007, Ann. Glaciol., 52(57), 249-260. 

Kawaguchi, Yusuke, T. Tamura, S. Nishino, T. Kikuchi, and M. Itoh (2011), Numerical Study of Winter Water Formation in the Chukchi Sea: Roles and Impacts of Coastal Polynyas, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C07025, doi:10.1029/2010JC006606. 

Kawaguchi, Yusuke, S. Nihashi, H. Mitsudera, and K. I. Ohshima (2010), Formation mechanism of huge coastal polynyas and its application to Okhotsk Northwestern Polynya, J. Phys. Oceanogr., Vol. 40, No. 11, 2451-2465.  

Kawaguchi, Yusuke and F. Mitsudera (2009), Effects of alongshore wind on DSW formation beneath coastal polynyas: Application to the Sea of Okhotsk, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.114, C10013. 

McLaughlin, F., E. Carmack, S. Zimmermann, K. Shimada , M. Itoh (2009), Joint effects of boundary currents, thermohaline intrusions and gyre circulation on the recent warming of Atlantic water in the Canada Basin: 1993-2007, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C00A12, doi:10.1029/2008JC005001.

Nishino, Shigeto, T. Kikuchi, M. Yamamoto-Kawai, Y. Kawaguchi, T. Hirawake, and M. Itoh (2011a), Enhancement/reduction of biological pump depends on ocean circulation in the sea-ice reduction regions of the Arctic Ocean, J. Oceanogr., Vol. 67, 305-314, DOI: 10.1007/s10872-011-0030-7. 

Nishino, Shigeto, M. Itoh, Y. Kawaguchi, T. Kikuchi, and M. Aoyama (2011b), Impact of an unusually large warm-core eddy on distributions of nutrients and phytoplankton in the southern Canada Basin during late summer/early fall 2010, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16602, doi:10.1029/2011GL047885.  (see JAMSTEC Press release on Aug.26, 2011, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/j/about/press_release/20110826/)

Nishino, Shigeto, K. Shimada, M. Itoh and S. Chiba (2009), Vertical double silicate maxima in the sea-ice reduction region of the western Arctic Ocean: Implications for an enhanced biological pump due to sea-ice reduction, J. Oceanogr., Vol. 65, 871-883, doi:10.1007/s10872-009-0072-2.

Panteleev, Gleb, M. Yaremchuk, P. J. Stabeno, V. Luchin, D. A. Nechaev, and T. Kikuchi (2011),  Dynamic topography of the Bering Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C05017, doi:10.1029/2010JC006354. 

Polyakov, I., and 20 co-authors (including T. Kikuchi) (2011), NOWCAST: Fate of early-2000's Arctic warm water pulse, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS), 92, 5, 561-566. 

Proshutinsky, A., and 21 co-authors (including M. Itoh, T. Kikuchi, and S. Nishino) Ocean, The Arctic in "State of the Climate in 2010", edited by J. Blunden, D. S. Arndt, and M. O. Baringer, Bull. Amer. Meteor, Soc., 92 (6), S145-S148. 

Proshutinsky, A., R. Krishfield, M. Timmermans, J. Toole, E. Carmack, F. McLaughlin, W. J. Williams, S. Zimmermann, M. Itoh, and K. Shimada (2009), Beaufort Gyre freshwater reservoir: State and variability from observations, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C00A10, doi:10.1029/2008JC005104.

Rabe, Benjamin, M. Karcher, U. Schauer, J.M. Toole, R.A. Krishfield, S. Pisarev, F. Kauker, R. Gerdes, and T. Kikuchi (2011), An assessment of pan-Arctic Ocean freshwater content changes from the 1990s to the IPY period, Deep Sea Res. I, 58, 173-185, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2010.12.002. 

Uchimiya, M., H. Fukuda, S. Nishino, T. Kikuchi, H. Ogawa, and T. Nagata, (2011), Does freshening of surface water enhance heterotrophic production in the western Arctic? Empirical evidence from the Canada Basin during September 2009, J. Oceanogr., Vol. 67, 589-599, DOI:10.1007/s10872-011-0059-7.

Yamamoto-Kawai, M., F. McLaughlin, E. Carmack, S. Nishino, K. Shimada, and N. Kurita (2009), Surface freshening of the Canada Basin, 2003-2007: River runoff versus sea ice meltwater, J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 114, C00A05, doi:10.1029/2008JC005000.

Yamamoto-Kawai, M., F. McLaughlin, E. Carmack, S. Nishino, and K. Shimada (2009), Aragonite undersaturation in the Arctic Ocean: Effects of ocean acidification and sea ice melt, Science, Vol. 326, 1098-1100.  (See JAMSTEC Press release on Nov.20, 2009, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/j/about/press_release/20091120/)

 

2004 - 2008

Inoue, J., and J. A. Curry (2004), Application of Aerosondes to high-resolution observations of sea surface temperature over Barrow Canyon, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31(13), L14312, doi:10.1029/2004GL020336.

Inoue, J., J. A. Curry, and J. A. Maslanik (2008), Application of Aerosondes to melt-pond observation over Arctic sea ice, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 25(2), 327-334.

Inoue, J., and T. Kikuchi (2006), Effect of summer wind conditions on lateral and bottom melt in the central Arctic, Ann. Glaciol. 44, 37-41.

Inoue, J., and T. Kikuchi (2007), Outflow of summertime Arctic sea ice observed by ice drifting buoys and its linkage with ice reduction and atmosphere circulation patterns. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 85, 881-887.

Inoue, J., T. Kikuchi and D. K. Perovich (2008), Effect of heat transmission through melt ponds and ice on melting during summer in the Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C05020, doi:10.1029/2007JC004182.

Inoue, J., T. Kikuchi, D. K. Perovich, and J. H. Morison (2005), A drop in mid-summer shortwave radiation induced by changes in the ice-surface condition in the central Arctic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, doi:10.1029/2005GL023170.

Inoue, J., B. Kosovic, and J. A. Curry (2005), Evolution of a storm-driven cloudy boundary layer in the Arctic, Bound.-Layer Meteor., 117(2), 213-230.

Inoue, J., J. Liu, J. O. Pinto, and J. A. Curry (2006), Intercomparison of Arctic regional climate models: Modeling clouds and radiation for SHEBA in May 1998, J. Climate, 19(17), 4167-4178.

Itoh M., E. C. Carmack, K. Shimada, F. McLaughlin, S. Nishino, S. Zimmermann (2007), Formation and spreading of Eurasian source oxygen-rich halocline water into the Canadian Basin in the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L08603, 10.1029/2007GL029482.

Kikuchi, T., K. Hatakeyama, and J. H. Morison (2004), Distribution of convective lower halocline water in the eastern Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 109, C12030, doi:10.1029/2003JC002223.

Kikuchi, T., J. Inoue, and D. Langevin (2007), Argo-type profiling float observations under the Arctic multiyear ice, Deep Sea Res., 54(9), 1675-1686. (see JAMSTEC Press release on Jul.13, 2006, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/jamstec-j/PR/0606/0613/index.html )

Kikuchi, T., J. Inoue, and J. H. Morison (2005), Temperature difference across the Lomonosov Ridge: implication for the Atlantic Water circulation in the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L20604, doi:10.1029/2005GL023982.

Kikuchi, T., H. Uno, M. Hosono, and K. Hatakeyama (2004), Accurate ocean current observation near the magnetic dip pole: Compass error estimation, J. Japan Soc. Mar. Surv. Tech., 16(1), 19-27 (in Japanese).

Liu, J., Z. Zhang, J. Inoue, and R. M. Horton (2007), Evaluation of snow/ice albedo parameterizations and their impacts on sea ice simulations, Int. J. Climatol., 27(1), 81-91.

Matsuoka, A., Y. Huot, K. Shimada, S. Saitoh (2008), Bio-optical characteristics of the Western Arctic Ocean: Implications for ocean color algorithms, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, in press.

McLaughlin, F., K. Shimada, E. C. Carmack, M. Itoh and S. Nishino (2005), The hydrography of the southern Canada Basin, 2002, Polar Biology, 28, 3, 182-189.

Morison, J. H., M. Steele, T. Kikuchi, K. K. Falkner, and W. Smethie (2006), Relaxation of central Arctic Ocean hydrography to pre-1990s climatology, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17604, doi:10.1029/2006GL026826

Nishino, S., K. Shimada, and M. Itoh, 2005: Use of ammonium and other nitrogen tracers to investigate the spreading of shelf waters in the western Arctic halocline, J. Geophys. Res., 110, C10005, doi:10.1029/2003JC002118.

Nishino, S., K. Shimada, M. Yamamoto-Kawai, and S. Chiba (2008), East-west differences in water mass, nutrient, and chlorophyll a distributions in the sea-ice reduction region of the western Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2007JC004666, in press.

Nikolopoulos, A., R. S. Pickart, P. S. Fratantoni, K. Shimada, D. J. Torres, E. P.Jones (2008), The western Arctic boundary current at 152oW: Structure, variability, and transport, Deep Sea Res. in press.

Shaw, W., T. Stanton, M. G. McPhee, and T. Kikuchi (2008), Surface roughness in Heterogeneous under-ice boundary layers, J. Geophys. Res. doi:10.1029/2007JC004550

Shimada, K., M. Itoh, S. Nishino, F. McLaughlin, E. C. Carmack and A. Proshutinsky (2005), Halocline structure in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L03605, doi:10.1029/2004GL021358.

Shimada, K., T. Kamoshida, M. Itoh, S. Nishino, E. C. Carmack, F. McLaughlin , S. Zimmerman, and A. Proshutinsky (2006), Pacific Ocean Inflow: influence on catastrophic reduction of sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L08605, 10.1029/2005GL025624.

Shimada, K., F. McLaughlin, E. C. Carmack, A. Proshutinsky, S. Nishino, and M. Itoh (2004), Penetration of the 1990s warm temperature anomaly of Atlantic Water in the Canada Basin, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L20301, 10.1029/2004GL020860.

Steele, M., J. Morison, W. Ermold, M. Ortmeyer, and K. Shimada (2004), Circulation of summer Pacific halocline water in the Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 109, C02027, 10.1029/2003JC002009.

Sumata, H., and K. Shimada (2007), On northward transport of Pacific Summer Water along the Northwind Ridge in the western Arctic Ocean, J. Oceanogr., 63, 363-378.

W. J. Williams , E. C. Carmack , K. Shimada, H. Melling, K. Aagaard, R. W. Macdonald , and R. G. Ingram (2006), Joint effects of wind and ice motion in forcing upwelling in Mackenzie Trough, Beaufort Sea, Continental Shelf Research, 26, 2352-2366.

Yamamoto-Kawai, M, F.A. McLaughlin, E.C. Carmack, S. Nishino, K. Shimada (2007), Freshwater budget of the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean from geochemical tracer data, J. Geophys. Res., 10.1029/2006JC003858.

（Updated, January 16, 2012)