Seasonal Prediction
We are providing monthly data of some climate indices from 1982 to present based on NOAA OISST Ver.2 together with quasi real-time predictions by the SINTEX-F model, as follows;
・Step 1: Please visit “APL VirtualEarth”
・Step 2: You can choose some climate indices and click it (e.g. EMI) on “Menu”
・Step 3: You can check the monthly time series and download the values through "CSV download".

SST anomalies are defined as deviation from monthly mean climatology. The base period is 1983-2015 years.

NOAA_OI_SST_V2 data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSL, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at https://www.psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.html

List of climate indices


・Nino3.4: the SST anomalies averaged over the domain of 170°W–120°W, 5°S–5°N.

・DMI: the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index (DMI) is defined by Saji et al.[1999] as the SST anomaly difference between the western pole off East Africa (50°E–70°E, 10°S–10°N) and the eastern pole off Sumatra (90°E–110°E, 10°S–Eq).

・EMI: the El Niño Modoki index is defined by Ashok et al.[2007] to capture the unique tripole nature of the ENSO Modoki linked SST anomalies: EMI = SSTAboxA − 0.5 * SSTAboxB − 0.5 * SSTAboxC. Here SSTAbox{A,b,c} is the area-averaged SST anomaly over each of the regions A (165°E–140°W, 10°S–10°N), B (110°W–70°W, 15°S–5°N), and C (125°E–145°E, 10°S–20°N), respectively.

・ATL3: the Atlantic Niño index (ATL3) is defined by Zebiak et al.[1993] as the area-averaged SST anomaly over the domain (3°S–3°N, 20°W–Eq.).

・SIOD: the Indian Ocean Subtropical Dipole index (SIOD) is defined by Behera and Yamagata [2001] as the SST anomaly difference between the domains (55°E–65°E, 37°S–27°S) and (90°E–100°E, 28°S–18°S).

・SASD: the Southern Atlantic Subtropical Dipole index (SASD) is defined by Morioka et al. [2011] as the SST anomaly difference between the domains (330°E–350°E, 40°S–30°S) and (340°E–360°E, 25°S–15°S).

・NNI: the Ningaloo Niño index (NNI) is defined by Kataoka et al. [2014] as the SST anomaly averaged over the domain (108°E–116°E, 28°S–22°S).

・CNI: the California Niño index (CNI) is defined by Yuan and Yamagata [2014] as the SST anomaly averaged over the domain (240°E–250°E, 20°N–30°N).

・DNI: the Dakar Ninño index (DNI) is defined by Oettli et al. [2016] as the SST anomaly averaged over the domain (21°–17°W, 9°–14°N)