Although the climate variation phenomena in the tropical region occur far from Japan, ENSO and IOD impacted to Japanese societal and economical activities through abnormal weather such as drought and heavy rainfall events via the atmospheric and oceanic processes from the tropical regions.   In addition, the coastal countries in the tropical region have been impacted more directly by ENSO and IOD.  As Japan is dependent on foreign countries by international commerce such as food and energy imports, the socio-economic affections to other countries by those climate variations indirectly impact to Japanese economy through for example escalation of food prices.