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2 Outline of Results

1. Generalization

Middle evaluation was performed in the 3rd fiscal year of a project in July in the FY 2004. Although this subject was substantially near in 2nd from the situation of the main research person in charge having moved from a foreign country or other organizations, and having begun activity, the target for the 3rd year has been attained somehow.

That is, the partial integrated model which combines the climate model used as a core and an other-factors model completes both a carbon cycle - climatic change joint model, atmospheric chemistry, and a climatic change interaction model, and a program came to operate correctly. In the plan, it was planning conducting the warming experiment which took in feedback to the carbon cycle of a climatic change using the former in 3-4th at the beginning. Since it became a "deadline" earlier at the beginning than anticipation, completeness was not enough, but the preliminary experiment was conducted into this year and C4MIP was presented. Since it thought that the result probably needed to come out at the early stage in the 2005 fiscal year in order to have made it of use for the 4th IPCC advices, but it became "write off" earlier at the beginning than an anticipation, completeness was not sufficient, but the preliminary experiment was conducted into this year and C4MIP was presented. Then, the issue of terrestrial carbon cycle becomes clear, it is improved, and the next experiment is conducted now. Although it still is not enough in respect of the contribution to IPCC AR4, about advance of the project itself, the schedule is realized mostly at the beginning.

It seems that it advances to it steadily although the dynamic vegetation model of the individual base which newly started development in the last fiscal year repeats trial and error only to the unique thing located on a new viewpoint, and it reached it before the end of the year to the place which can reproduce all ball vegetation distribution somehow in T42 resolution. About aerosol and clouds, the importance of the organic aerosol in a tropical region continent was found out, and the result also with each significant sub subject -- a precious numerical simulation which serves as the foundation of internal gravity wave parameterization about the extension to the stratosphere of a physical climate model is done -- was acquired.

2. Every sub theme, outline for every individual item

(1) A carbon cycle model, a carbon cycle and a climatic change joint model

1 terrestrial carbon cycle model

It is the target of this subgroup to include in the earth system integrated model which builds the model which simulates the carbon cycle by a terrestrial ecosystem, and is built with this subject when building the earth environment change forecasting model by artificial greenhouse gas discharge, and to perform warming prediction. It worked about three points in FY2004 following the last fiscal year br>(1) Sim-CYCLE off-line evaluation.
(2) Combination of Sim-CYCLE and MATSIRO-AGCM.
(3) Inclusion of the carbon balance process by artificial land use diversification

2 Oceanic carbon cycle model

The model which included carbon cycle process in the air sea joint general circulation model was developed, and the warming preliminary experiment for investigating the strength of feedback by a climate-carbon cycle system was conducted. It turned out that the strength of such feedback is weak in our model as a result of preliminary experiment. However, much more parameter tuning and firm initialization are required about especially a terrestrial component. There are some which have achieved over other models the results that such feedback is very strong, a result is compared with such a model, and it is necessary to investigate the cause of a difference of feedback intensity. The earth environment frontier research center has participated in international project C4MIP (both carbon cycle-climate joint model comparison project) for performing such activity, and it is expected that an understanding of an earth scale carbon cycle will deepen through an argument there. Distribution of artificial origin CO2 quantity to be stored by a sea component shows comparatively good coincidence as observation. It can be called desirable result that distribution of artificial origin CO2 quantity to be stored is often reproduced by warming in view of the purpose of the symbiosis project which placed the focus. Furthermore, the experiment using the model which expressed the seed composition of a plant and a zooplankton explicitly was also conducted, and it investigated about the influence which the climate change of a scale will have on a hydrographic table layer ecosystem for ten years.

3 Dynamic vegetation model

In order to simulate more exactly transitional diversification of the constitution, distribution, and the function of the original vegetation zone of a climatic change which the its present location ball has experienced and which advances quickly, the dynamic global vegetation model (DGVMs, Dynamic Global Vegetation Models) newly named SEIB-DGVM was developed. In old trial calculation, SEIB-DGVM was able to reproduce distribution of the vegetation on some phenomena typically observed in a vegetable ecosystem, and the present climatic conditions, or an ecosystem function. After striving for improvement in model reliability by repeating trial calculation and introducing an agro-ecosystem and a land use change module from now on, it is due to make it join together to the earth integrated model to which development is advancing in the 2nd project of symbiosis.

(2) Warming and atmospheric composition change interaction model development

1 Warming and an atmospheric composition change interaction

In warming and an atmospheric composition change interaction sub model, it is a big subject to enable on-line calculation of aerosol and chemistry using all the ball chemistry models CHASER and the aerosol model SPRINTARS which set it as the main purposes to express and predict an interaction with warming of atmospheric chemistry process (ozone distribution etc.) or aerosol, and the ocean and terrestrial vegetation change, and used CCSR/NIES AGCM as the foundation. This fiscal year ended the substantial work which combines a CHASER model and a SPRINTARS model, the scheme especially combined with chemistry about the mode of expression of organic carbon aerosol generation of sulphate aerosol generation process and the vegetable origin was introduced, and improvement was performed. Furthermore, the work which builds the united CHASER-SPRINTARS component into an integrated model main part was done, and not only carbon (CO2) circulation but the on-line and the climate simulation included to chemistry and aerosol became possible. Moreover, the future prediction experiment of the ozone which followed IPCC/SRES each scenario using CHASER, methane, and sulphate aerosol was conducted on the Earth Simulator, and the difference in time development and the influence of a climate change according to each scenario about the obtained result were considered. Furthermore, it participated in the project of the atmospheric chemistry and air quality change relation in the 4th IPCC report as a CHASER model, and while performing reappearance / prediction calculation of a future past and present, and ozone place and a photochemistry place and contributing also to the mutual comparison between each model, influence of each variable factor (emission change, a climate change, the amount change of halogen) on an ozone place was also considered.

2 A warming-cloud, aerosol, and radiation feedback precision evaluation

This group's subject is developing parameterization for a general circulation model (GCM) estimating the indirect radiation legal force of the influence aerosol affects the optical characteristic of clouds, i.e., troposhere aerosol. parameterization which evaluates the influence the condensation nucleus (Cloud Condensation Nuclei:CCN) of a cloud particle already affects the fine structure of clouds is developed. This parameterization was taken into CCSR/NIES/FRCGC-AGCM with SPRINTARS which is an aerosol climate model, and all ball distribution of the optical thickness of clouds or a cloud particle effective radius was calculated, and it inquired by performing comparison with satellite observational data. Furthermore, development of the cloud resolving domain model which carries the bottle method detailed cloud physics model is also performed using cloud resolving domain model CReSS (Tsuboki and Sakakibara, 2002).

(3) Cryospheric model development

This sub subject matter aims at developing an approvement or the model taken in newly for many processes in the chill area (the ocean, ice sheet, etc.) by a climate model. Therefore, while improving the modeling technique of many process (interaction of the formation and the ocean of sea ice) in a Cryospheric climate system based on the existing model, the model which treats growth, attenuation, and a flow of an ice sheet separately is made. Furthermore, ice sheet change is connected to a climate model, and the model which can predict change accompanying the warming is built. This fiscal year performed the final adjustment of the climate ? ice sheet joint model turned to the climate change modeling in a scale in 1000. Moreover, the analysis of the role of the climate-ice sheet combination in a global warming experiment (scenario experiment) and a glacial epoch cycle experiment was started.

(4) Climate physics core model improvement

Improvement or the model taken in newly is developed for many processes of the stratosphere by the climate model (CCSR/NIES a model, existing) of the atmosphere, the ocean, and a land side which consists mainly of a physical process.

About improvement of an air model (AGCM), improvement of many processes of an inadequate middle atmosphere (the stratosphere and mesosphere) is aimed at by the present model. That is, while change of the radiation from the physical chemistry process and the sun of an ozone layer peculiar to a middle atmosphere influences each other mutually and causes change of a middle atmosphere by invasion of the artificial origin substance to the inside of a middle atmosphere, it clarifies the mechanism which combines with change of the lower layer troposhere and produces a climate change by model experiment. Moreover, the action of an internal gravity wave and it clarify influence affect atmospheric circulation by a super-high resolution air model.

In order to mitigate the low-temperature bias of winter stratosphere high latitude and to reproduce periodic vibration (QBO) appropriately with the horizontal resolution T42 of an integrated model for stratosphere equatorial semi- two years, this fiscal year concentrated on improving gravity wave resistance parameterization by Hines (1997) using the result of high resolution AGCM, and summarized various knowledge acquired in the process as a prepublication paper. It is under work succeedingly still now at the end of a fiscal year, and, first, a test is likely to be completed next year about the extension to the middle atmosphere of the integrated model which combination of the atmosphere, the ocean, land, a carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry, and aerosol process completed, and introduction of a physical process component (a sigma-p hybrid coordinate system, a new radiation code, and Hines parameterization) required in the stratosphere. The highest resolution attained in the simulation of this fiscal year is a level T213 (0.55-degree lattice) and perpendicular thickness 100 m.

3. Ripple effect, development direction, improving point, etc.

The integrated modeling of an earth system will increase importance increasingly from now on as tools indispensable to the pursuit of an important problem also that it is also practical and from the academic point of view, such as prediction of the environmental change accompanying global warming, and an elucidation of the mechanism of a simultaneous change of the whole earth environment accompanying a glacial-interglacial cycle, and will go. On the other hand, since such making a synthetic model needs cooperation of many specialists, it takes anywhere and it is impossible work. Therefore, it seems that the integrated model produced as a result of this project will be applied broadly from now on. Probably, it is also necessary to consider the generality which is equal to application bearing that in mind, and the ease of using after this. But it considers as the first priority making the best thing from the present condition at any rate for the time being as an "integrated model" which is the first trial, and conducting the warming prediction experiment which is the purpose of a symbiosis project.

but it makes partial also in order to respond to the scientific interest of the researcher who considers "the figure which should exist" of the above integrated models, and is engaged in making a model -- it is seemed that it is appropriate to set up concretely the problem which is not made unless it uses an integrated model in the stage where of the integrated model has constituted the form somehow, i.e., a problem with the important interaction of some elements, therefore to advance research using a model by it. For this reason, I want to also consider the applied research of a model and to go in FY 2005.

Around from 2001, research and development progress quickly and the integrated modeling of an earth system is coming by every country in the world. There is recognition that future global warming prediction should be carried out to the background by the integrated model as change prediction of the whole earth environment. This thing is considered, and it is necessary to advance positively participation to activity of an international common research program, mutual comparative experiments, etc., and to go.

4. Announcement situation of reports

<Head announcement>
terrestrial carbon cycle model
Akihiko Ito . Change of an ecosystem on land, and earth-environment . earth frontier symposium: Thing ? at an atmospheric change and the point of the global warming ? Kyoto Protocol, Tokyo, and August 4, 2004

Kato, T., Tang, Y., Gu, S, Cui, X., Hirota, M., Du, M., Li, Y., Zhao, X., Oikawa, T.CO2 exchanges between the atmosphere and an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, December 17, 2004.

Tomomichi Kato: CO2 income and expenditure in a plateau prairie ecosystem - status quo and future prediction - . Popular subscription symposium "status quo and view which explore the carbon dynamic state in Omi and the Tibet prairie ecosystem." The 52nd time rally of the Ecological Society of Japan, Osaka-shi, and March 28, 2005.

Construction of the vegetation zone moving projection model in a terrestrial carbon cycle model
Ecology of a global scale
Hisashi Sato, Akihiko ITOH, Takashi KOHYAMA
The 52nd Ecological Society of Japan conventions (March, 2005 Osaka)

SEIB-DGVM, a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model for the Kyousei2 project
Hisashi Sato, Akihiko ITOH, Takashi KOHYAMA
The 2nd international workshop on the Kyosei project (February, 2005 Kona, USA)

SEIB-DGVM, a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model for the Kyousei2 project
Hisashi Sato, Akihiko ITOH, Takashi KOHYAMA
Workshop on Climate Change Research (October, 2004 Yokohama)

The terrestrial ecosystem of the future is predicted. -Construction of next-generation dynamic global vegetation model
Hisashi Sato, Akihiko ITOH, Takashi KOHYAMA
The 51st Ecological Society of Japan conventions (August, 2004 Kushiro)

The terrestrial ecosystem of the future is predicted. -Construction of next-generation dynamic global vegetation model
Hisashi Sato, Akihiko ITOH, Takashi KOHYAMA
Society of Population Ecology research meeting 2004 (June, 2004 Kyoto, poster announcement)

Oceanic carbon cycle model
Aita, M.N., and Y.Yamanaka and M.J.Kishi, Interdecadal Variation of the Lower Trophic Ecosystem in the Northern Pacific between 1948 and 2002, 14-in a 3-D implementation of the NEMURO model. October 24 PICES XI Annual Meeting, Honolulu, and 2004.

T. Matsuno, M. Kawamiya, H. Sato and K. Sudo, development of an Integrated Earth System Model on the Earth Simulator, Workshop on Climate Change Research, Oct. 28-29, Yokohama (JAMSTEC, YES), Japan, 2004.

M. Kawamiya, T. Matsuno, and the Kyousei-2 members, Development of an Integrated Earth System Model at FRCGC, Third Japan-EU Workshop on Climate Change Research, Jan. 20-21, Yokohama (JAMSTEC, YES), Japan, 2004.

M. Kawamiya, T. Matsuno, and the Kyousei-2 members, Development of an Integrated Earth System Model at FRCGC, Second International Workshop on the Kyosei Project, Feb. 24-26, Hawaii, U.S, 2004.

Yamanaka, Y., T.Hashioka, M.N.Aita and M.J.Kishi, Ecosystem change in the western North Pacific due to global change obtained by a 3-D ecosystem model.EGU 1st General Assembly, 25-April 30, Nice, and 2004.

Y. Yamanaka, Progress toward high-resolution interannual simulations on the Earth Simulator, and Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model Intercomparison Project - 3 / Northern Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Exchange Study (NOCES) Second Annual Meeting, 13-May 14, Paris, and 2004.

Michio Kawamiya, Thing - at "the interaction of the atmosphere, water and a living thing, and a climatic change", and the change of the general JAMSTEC lecture meeting "earth environment series" atmosphere and the point of the global warming-Kyoto Protocol, August 4, Tokyo (United Nations University), and 2004.

Development of the earth system integrated model for a Michio Kawamiya, Chisato Yoshikawa, Taro Matsuno, and earth environment change prediction, the Oceanographic Society of Japan spring convention in FY 2005 , 27-March 31, the Tokyo sea university, and 2005.

The possibility of a Michio Kawamiya, Taro Matsuno, and an earth system integrated model, the 52nd time convention of the Ecological Society of Japan, 27-March 30, the Osaka international conference hall, and 2005.

Warming and an atmospheric composition change interaction
Sudo, K., Takahashi, M., and Akimoto, H., "The roles of stratospheric ozone in past and future tropospheric ozone budgets and trends", Quadrennial Ozone Symposium QOS 2004, Kos Greece, 1-9 June, 2004.

Sudo, K., Takahashi, M., Nozawa, T., Kurokawa, J., and Akimoto, H., "Tropospheric ozone trends and budgets during 1850-2000 simulated in a chemistry coupled climate model", 8 th International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Conference, Christchurch, New Zealand, 4-9 September, 2004.

Sudo, K., Takigawa., M., Takahashi, M., "Chemistry and aerosol modeling in the Kyousei -2 : toward understanding chemistry/climate interaction", Workshop on Climate Change Research, Yokohama Japan, 28-29 October, 2004.

Sudo, K., "Atmospheric chemistry-climate interaction", Third Japan-EU Workshop on Climate Change Research, Yokohama Japan, 20-21 January, 2005.

Takigawa, M, and H.Akimoto, and M.Masaaki, "Evaluation of transport in CCSR/NIES AGCM by using age spectra", Ozone Symposium 2004, Kos, Greece, 1-8 June, 2004.

Takigawa, M, and M.Takahashi, and H.Akiyoshi, "Simulation of stratospheric sulfur aerosol using a CCSR/NIES AGCM with coupled chemistry : The impact of Pinatubo aerosol on climate", KAGI International Symposium 2004, Beppu, Japan, 1-3 November, 2004.

Kengo Sudo, Hajime Akimoto, Masaaki Takahashi, "The influence of the troposhere ozone and OH radical concentration place on a plant / artificial origin methanol", and Meteorological Society of Japan 2004 spring rallies, the Meteorological Agency, and May, 2004 16 to 19 days.

Kengo Sudo, Hajime Akimoto, Masaaki Takahashi, "the influence of the troposhere ozone and OH radical concentration place on a plant / artificial origin methanol", and the 10th time An atmospheric chemistry debate, the University of Tokyo and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, and June, 2004 23-25 Day.

Kengo Sudo and Hajime Akimoto, Masaaki Takahashi, "Where the separation:contaminant by each sauce region of troposhere O3 and all CO ball distribution flows how much from", and Meteorological Society of Japan A 2004 year autumn convention, acrose Fukuoka, and 2004 year October 6-8 day.

Kengo Sudo, Development and its application of "chemistry and a climate joint model: the change process of troposhere ozone chemistry, and chemistry and climate interaction" Meteorological Society of Japan 2004 autumn rallies, acrose Fukuoka, and 2004 year 10 moon 6-8 day.

Kengo Sudo, Masaaki Takahashi, Hajime Akimoto, The past / present / future of "troposhere ozone chemistry, aerosol, and climate: The chemistry and climate joint simulation" towards the 4th IPCC report, the 15th atmospheric-chemistry symposium, the Toyokawa citizen plaza, and 2005 Year January 5-7 Day.

Kengo Sudo and Hajime AkimotoA Masaaki Takahashi, "Where the separation:contaminant by each sauce region of troposhere O3 and all CO ball distribution flows how much from", the 15th atmospheric-chemistry symposium, the Toyokawa citizen plaza, and 2005 year January 5-7 day.

Masayuki Takigawa, Kengo Sudo, Hajime AkimotoA Masaaki Takahashi, "the influence of the long haul during an aircraft observation campaign PEACE-C period", the 15th atmospheric-chemistry symposium, Toyokawa, January 5- 7 and 2005.

A warming-cloud, aerosol, and radiation feedback precision evaluation

About development of parameterization for GCM using a detailed detailed cloud physics model

Kuba, N (2004): Development of the parameterizations to predict the initial size distribution of cloud droplets for the cloud- microphysical model in the global or regional models - Numerical simulation with a hybrid cloud - microphysical model ?, International conference of cloud and precipitation (ICCP), July, Bologna, Italy.

Naomi Kuba (2004) : loading of the bottle method detailed cloud physics model to a non-statics model. The Meteorological Society of Japan autumn convention, October, Fukuoka.

About all the ball climate modeling of an aerosol-detailed cloud physics interaction

Satoh, M., Tomita, H., Nasuno, T., Iga, S., Miura, H.: Preliminary results with a global cloud-resolving model for studying clouds, aerosol and precipitation issues in climate modeling. Second EarthCare Workshop, Tokyo, 2005.2.22-23.

Masaki Sato, Hirofumi Tomita, Tomoe Nasuno, Shin-ichi Iga, Hirosuke Miura: Radiative-convective equilibrium experiment by a cloud resolving model: Workshop (Matsushima; 2004.11.25-26) . about the way which results in a global cloud-resolving model, and a 6th non-static model

Satoh, M.: An accurate semi-Lagrangian scheme with a unified interpolation function constructed from vorticity and velocity components. The 2004 Workshop on the Solution of Partial Differential Equations on the Sphere(Yokohama; 2004.7.20-23).

Hirofumi Tomita, Masaki Sato, Tomoe Nasuno: Mounting of the detailed cloud physics process to a global non-statics model NICAM, a Meteorological Society of Japan 2004 spring convention, Tokyo, 16-May 19, 2004.

H. Tomita, M. Satoh, and T. Nasuno : A stretched icosahedral grid for the global cloud resolving model, International Conference Parallel CFD 2004, Las Palmas, May 24-27, 2004

H. Tomita, M. Satoh, T. Nasuno, S. Iga: A stretched icosahedral grid : Toward the global cloud resolving model, The 2004 workshop on the solution of partial differential equations on the sphere, Yokohama, Jul 20-23, 2004.

H. Tomita & M. Satoh : The global nonhydrostatic model NICAM : numerics and performance of its dynamical core, ECMWF seminar, Reading, Sep 6-10, 2004.

Hirofumi Tomita, Masaki Sato, Tomoe Nasuno, Shin-ichi Iga, Hirosuke Miura: The water planet experiment (1) Meteorological Society of Japan 2004 autumn convention by a global non-statics model NICAM, Fukuoka, 6-October 8, 2004 .

Hirofumi Tomita, Masaki Sato, Tomoe Nasuno, Shin-ichi Iga, Hirosuke Miura: The workshop about the water planet experiment using a global non-statics model NICAM, and a 6th non-static model, Matsushima, and 25-November 26, 2004.

Nasuno, T.: Simulation of development of deep convection from shallow clouds, 14th International Conference on Cloud and Precipitation, Bologna, Italy, Jul 18-23, 2004.

Tomoe Nasuno: The numerical simulation of the diurnal variation of tropical clouds, a Meteorological Society of Japan 2004 autumn convention, Fukuoka, and 6-October 8, 2004 .

Nasuno, T., M. Satoh, H. Tomita, S. Iga and H. Miura: Numerical experiments of a tropical squall line. 6th WMO International Cloud Modeling Workshop, Hamburg, Germany, Jul 12-16, 2004.

Tomoe Nasuno: The workshop about the numerical simulation of the diurnal variation of tropical clouds, and a 6th non-statics model, Matsushima, and 25-November 26, 2004 .

Shin-ichi Iga, Hirofumi Tomita, Koji Goto, Masaki Sato: Icosahedron lattice model The extratropical-storm life cycle experiment by NICAM, Japan Society of Fluid Mechanics, Nagoya, and 9-August 11, 2004 .

Iga, S., Tomita, H., Satoh, M., Nasuno, T., Goto, K.: A Global Cloud Resolving Model NICAM (Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model) on the Earth Simulator, Meeting 2004 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting Honolulu August 16-19, 2004.

Shin-ichi Iga, Hirofumi Tomita, Koji Goto, Masaki Sato: Icosahedron lattice model Extratropical-storm life cycle experiment (2) by NICAM --- Resolution dependability ---, the Meteorological Society of Japan autumn convention, Fukuoka, and 6-October 8, 2004.

Shin-ichi Iga, Hirofumi Tomita, Koji Goto, Masaki Sato: Icosahedron lattice model The extratropical-storm life cycle experiment by NICAM, the Meteorological Society of Japan spring convention, Tokyo, and 16-May 19, 2004.

Iga, S., Tomita, H., Goto, K., Satoh, M.: Performance Test of Dynamical Core of NICAM (Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model) -Life Cycle Experiment of Extratropical Cyclons -, The 2004 workshop on the Solution of Partial Differential Equations on the Sphere, Yokohama, Jul 20-23, 2004.

Hirosuke Miura, Masahide Kimoto: The right 20th page physique child-like shallow water wave model which used limited volume / finite difference mixture scheme, the meteorology meeting spring convention in FY 2004, Tokyo, and 16-May 19, 2004.

Miura, H., and Kimoto, M.: Accuracy improvement of the discretized gradient operator for the ZM-grid arrangement on the spherical geodesic grid., The 2004 Workshop on the Solution of Partial Differential Equations on the Sphere, Yokohama, Jul 20-23, 2004.

Hirosuke Miura, Hirofumi Tomita, Masaki Sato: Development of the advection current scheme on the 20th page physique child of positive, the meteorology meeting autumn convention in FY 2004, Fukuoka, and 6-October 8, 2004.

Hirosuke Miura, Hirofumi Tomita, Masaki Sato: The windward advection current scheme which fills the preservation on surface-of-a-sphere 6 square shape / 5 square-shaped lattices, the 18th Computational Fluid Dynamics symposium, Tokyo, and 15-December 17, 2004.

Miura, H., Tomita, H., Satoh, M., Nasuno, T., and Iga, S.: Global cloud resolving simulations on an aqua planet condition, The 2nd International "KYOSEI" Workshop and The 7th International Workshop on Next Generation Climate Models for Advanced High Performance Computing Facilities, Hawaii, Feb 24-26, 2004.

Miura, H.: Toward the understanding of cloud systems. NFS Site Visit, Colorado State University, Oct 25-26, 2004.

Suzuki, K., T. Nakajima, T. Iguchi, G. Asanuma, and T. Y. Nakajima, 2004 : Numerical study of the aerosol effect on water cloud optical properties with nonhydrostatic spectral microphysics cloud model. International Radiation Symposium, Busan, Korea, 23-28 August.

Kentaro Suzuki, Teruyuki Nakajima: The workshop about the numerical computation of the particle growth process by the bottle method detailed cloud physics model, and a 6th non-statics model, palace matsusima, and 25-November 26, 2004

Kentaro Suzuki, Teruyuki Nakajima, Takamichi Iguchi, Goro Asanuma: The numerical simulation (continuation) of the cloud-aerosol interaction by the bottle method particle model, the Meteorological Society of Japan autumn convention, acrose Fukuoka, and 6-October 8, 2004

Kentaro Suzuki, Goro Asanuma, Teruyuki Nakajima: The numerical simulation of the cloud-aerosol interaction by the bottle method particle model, the Meteorological Society of Japan spring convention, the Meteorological Agency, and 16-May 19, 2004

Cryospheric model
Ogura, T., A. Abe-Ouchi and H. Hasumi, Effects of sea ice dynamics on the Antarctic sea ice distribution in a coupled ocean atmosphere model. Journal of Geophysical Res., Vol. 109, No. C4, C04025, 2004.

Saito, F. and A. Abe-Ouchi, Dependence of simulation and sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet to numerical procedures for ice sheet dynamics. Submitted to Annalds of Glaciology, 42, 2005.

Climate physics core model improvement
S. Watanabe and M. Takahashi, Kelvin waves and ozone Kelvin waves in the QBO and SAO; a simulation using a high-resolution chemistry-coupled GCM, Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, June 1-8, Kos, Greece.

S. Watanabe and T. Nagashima, A quantitative comparison of gravity waves simulated by a high-resolution GCM to those calculated within the Doppler spread parameterization, SPARC 3rd general assembly, August 1-8, Victoria, Canada.

S. Watanabe and M. Takahashi, Intraseasonal Oscillation in the Equatorial Mesosphere (60-80km) Appeared in a GCM, International workshop on equatorial and low latitude atmosphere studies by MLT radar network observations, January 18, Uji, Kyoto.

<Paper announcement>
terrestrial carbon cycle model
Kato, T., Hirota, M., Tang,Y., Cui, X., Li, Y., Zhao, X., Oikawa, T. (in press) Strong temperature dependence and no moss photosynthesis in winter CO2 flux for a Kobresia meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Short communication, Soil Biology and Biochemistry.

Gu, S., Tang, Y., Cui, X., Kato, T., Du, M., Li, Y., Zhao, X. (2005) Energy exchange between the atmosphere and a meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Agric. For. Meteorol. 129(3-4), 175-185.

Ito A. (2005) Climate-related uncertainties in projections of the 21st century terrestrial carbon budget: off-line model experiments using IPCC greenhouse gas scenarios and AOGCM climate projections. Climate Dynamics, 24:435-448.

Ito A. (2005) Regional variability in the terrestrial carbon-cycle response to global warming in the 21st century: simulation analysis with AOGCM-based climate projections. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 83:251-259.

Fang, J., Oikawa, T., Kato, T., Mo, W., Wang, Z. (2005) Biomass carbon accumulation by Japan's forests from 1947 to 1995. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 19, GB2004, doi:10.1029/2004GB002253.

Akihiko Ito, Kazuhito Ichii, Katsunori Tanaka, the Hisashi SatoA Seita Emori, Takehisa Oikawa (2004) The terrestrial model used by an earth system model: Present condition and subject . of research The weather 51 : 227-239

Oceanic carbon cycle model
Kishi, M. J., T. Okunishi and Y. Yamanaka, Comparing primary production and vertical flux using different ecosystem models in the western North Pacific, J. Oceanogr., 60, 63-73, 2004.

Yamanaka, Y., N. Yoshie, M. Fujii, M. N. Aita and M. J. Kishi, An ecosystem model coupled with nitrogen-silicon-carbon cycles applied to station A-7 in the Northwestern Pacific. J. Oceanogr., 60, 227-241, 2004.

S. L. Smith, Y. Yamanaka and M. J. Kishi, Attempting Consistent Simulations of Stn. ALOHA with a Multi-Element Ecosystem Model. J. Oceanog., 61, 1-26, 2005.

Dynamic vegetation model
The terrestrial model used by an earth system model: The present condition and the subject of research
Akihiko Ito, Kazuhito Ichii, Katsunori Tanaka, the Hisashi SatoA Seita Emori, Takehisa Oikawa (2004) The weather 51 (4), 227-239.

Warming and an atmospheric composition change interaction
M.G. Laurence, O.Hov, M.Beelamann, J. Brandt, H. Elbern, H.Eskes, H.Feichter, and M.Takigawa,The Chemical Weather, Environ. Chem., 2005, 2, 6-8, doi:10.1071/EN05014.

A warming-cloud, aerosol, and radiation feedback precision evaluation
About development of parameterization for GCM using a detailed detailed cloud physics model

Kuba, N (2005): Development of the cloud microphysical model to study the effect of CCN on warm clouds, in prepared.

About all the ball climate modeling of an aerosol-detailed cloud physics interaction

Satoh, M., Tomita, H., Miura, H., Iga, S., Nasuno, T., Development of a global cloud resolving model? a multi-scale structure of tropical convections ?, J. Earth Simulator, accepted, 2005

Tomita, H. and Satoh, M., A new dynamical framework of nonhydrostatic global model using the icosahedral grid, Fluid Dyn. Res., 34, 357-400, 2004

Tomita, H., K. Goto and M. Satoh, A comparison study of computational performance between a spectral transform model and a gridpoint model, In: Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics 2003. Elsevier, 333-340, 2004

Tomita, H., H. Miura, S. Iga, T. Nasuno, and M. Satoh, A Global Cloud-Resolving Simulation: Preliminary Results from an Aqua Planet Experiment, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L08805, doi:10.1029/2005GL022459, 2005

Miura, H., and Kimoto, M., 2005: A comparison of grid quality of optimized spherical hexagonal-pentagonal geodesic grids. Mon. Wea. Rev., in press.

Cryospheric model development
Ogura, T., A. Abe-Ouchi and H. Hasumi, Effects of sea ice dynamics on the Antarctic sea ice distribution in a coupled ocean atmosphere model. Journal of Geophysical Res., Vol. 109, No. C4, C04025, 2004.

Kageyama, M., S.P. Harrison and A. Abe-Ouchi, The depression of tropical snowlines at the Last Glacial Maximum: what can we learn from climate model experiments? Quaternary International, in press, 2005

Saito, F. and A. Abe-Ouchi, Thermal Structure of Dome Fuji and East Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, simulated by a three-dimensional ice sheet model. Annals of Glaciology, 38, in press, 2005.

Saito, F. and A. Abe-Ouchi, Dependence of simulation and sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet to numerical procedures for ice sheet dynamics. Submitted to Annalds of Glaciology, 42, 2005.

Yamagishi, T., A. Abe-Ouchi, F. Saito, T. Segawa and T. Nishimura (2005) Reevaluation of paleo-accumulation parameterization overnorthern hemisphere ice sheet during the ice age with a high resolution atmospheric GCM and a 3-D ice sheet model. Submitted to Annals of Glaciology, 42.

Climate physics core model improvement
Watanabe, S., K. Sato, and M. Takahashi, Orographic gravity waves over Antarctica excited by Katabatic winds; a GCM study, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, doi:10.1029/2005GL023084, 2005 (submitted).

Watanabe, S. and M. Takahashi, Kelvin waves and ozone Kelvin waves in the QBO and SAO; a simulation by a high-resolution chemistry-coupled GCM, J. Geophys. Res., 110, doi:10.1029/2004JD005424, 2005 (submitted).

5. Situation of international joint (cooperation) research

(1) It is the framework of the deep international cooperation of relation to this subject.

A. The trend towards the 4th evaluation report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC)
IPCC holds the 22nd general meetings in India New Delhi, is the 4th evaluation report, and determined to draw up the integrated report (SYR) across boundaries in connection with the 1st task force (WG1, natural science-basis), the 2nd task force (WG2, influence, adaptation and brittleness), and the 3rd whole task force (WG3, relief measure) on 9-November 11, 2004. However, it is although there were many arguments about creation time, A UNFCCC secretariat will be requested to delay COP13 which carries out to making the 13th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP13) do by creating for the 22nd week in October of the same year, and is further scheduled for 5-November 16 by adjustment of the creation schedule of WG2 and WG3 about one month after creation by WG1 of the schedule for January, 2007. By COP10, the above-mentioned request is made from Chair Pachauri IPCC, and it is actually due to be deliberated by 22nd subsidiary organ meetings (SB22) of holding by Bon in May, 2005.

IPCC AR4 mainly predicts. (the 10th, Chapter 11) In order to advance evaluation about model evaluation (octavus chapter), cause specification (Chapter 9), etc., the cooperation organization of the joint model task force (WGCM, chairman:John Mitchell) and both the joint model comparison project (CMIP, chairman:Gerald Meehl), and IPCC/WG1 (common chairperson: Susan Solomon and Dahe Qin) of a world climate research program (WCRP) is built. Thereby, calculation results, such as 20th century reappearance experiment / gradual increase prediction experiment conducted based on the request in the climate model group in the world and a scenario prediction experiment, were submitted to climate model diagnosis and a mutual comparison program (PCMDI) by September, 2007. Analysis research was sought on the assumption that public presentation of these calculation results, and analysis research has been advanced. The result was announced by the "workshop about the analysis of the climate model simulation towards IPCC AR4" (Workshop on Analysis of Climate Model Simulations for the IPCC AR4) opened in the U.S. University of Hawaii on 1-March 4, 2005. This sponsors an opportunity to tell a result to the related lead author (LA) of IPCC/WG1 in an early stage. Moreover, even if these results are voted in LA, in order to actually be reflected in AR4, to contribute to a technical magazine and a society magazine with special refereeing, and to be accepted by December by May 1, is demanded as a schedule.

Organizational operation of this workshop was performed by U.S. CLIVAR under assistance of an IPCC/WG1 special assistance room (TSU), and was held by University of Hawaii International Pacific Research Center (IPRC). Although acquisition of the U.S. entry visa was difficult and the researcher from China was hardly able to enter a country, there is announcement subscription of 120 and it was advanced by the form of making a poster announcement for every session after each presenter introduces a content scheme for 3 minutes.

B The situation of an earth area biosphere international joint research plan (IGBP)
It is the sub program of an earth area biosphere international joint research plan (IGBP = International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme) on 25-October 27, 2004, "The analysis, integration, and modeling" (GAIM = Global Analysis, Integration and Modeling) of earth change After that "analysis [ of an earth system ] integrated modeling" [AIMES = Analysis, a task force meeting of renaming to Integration and Modelling of the Earth System] (GAIM Task Force Meeting), And the octavus time meeting (WGCM-8th Session) of the integrated modeling task force (WGCM = Working Group on Coupled Modeling) which is the subsystem of a world climate research program (WCRP = World Climate Research Programme), and both joint session (WGCM-GAIM Joint Session) were held in the Yokohama research institute Miyoshi commemoration auditorium. Financial support is made from the 2nd subject of symbiosis by the task force meeting of this GAIM. The agenda of this meeting was published at this section end.

(2) International result dispatch

By the meeting of above GAIM and WGCM, about 60 top-level researchers in the world about modeling gathered. This opportunity is utilized and they are October 28 - next 29 (Fri.), and a marine research (Germany) development mechanism. An earth environment frontier research center and Science Council of Japan were sponsored, and held the "climate change research workshop" (Workshop on Climate Change Research) as follows. Then, the initial result of the warming experiment which is carrying out symbiosis projects including this subject to the center using the Earth Simulator towards the present condition of modeling research of Japan, especially the contribution to the 4th Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) report was introduced, and the internal and external specialist was debated. About 250 entries participated in two days, it became precious opening for the researcher of a line of this area in and outside the country to meet together this much at once, the newest results of a global warming prediction investigation of Japan including the results of this subject could be sent to the world, and presence of Japan was shown to not only the contribution to the 4th IPCC account but the investigation community in the world. In addition, as for this workshop, management was made by the fund from the 2nd subject of symbiosis, and Science Council of Japan. The agenda of this workshop is published in the end of this section.

The 10th time conclusion country meeting (COP10) of the Framework Convention on Climate Change was held in Argentina Buenos Aires till December 6, 2004 - 17. The side event "Climate Change Projection by the Earth Simulator and Related Research Outcomes" by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology sponsorship was held on December 9 in the period. This main meaning was beginning this subject and introducing the measure of Japan to global warming to the policy decision person in the world through the global warming prediction research by a symbiosis project. About how many marine ecosystems are modeled to result explanation of this subject, and a fishing, as for the result about the ecosystem of a vulnerable island or an alp, the question of how was brought near by the influence of global warming if you please again.

(3) The research partnership situation between the U.S. and EU

The 2nd international "symbiosis" workshop (The 2nd International Workshop on the Kyosei Project) will be the U.S. Hawaii state Hawaii island on 24 to the 26th in February, 2005,They are the symbiosis project of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and joint sponsorship of the strategic creation investigation promotion business (CREST) of a technology promotion frame (JST),Absorption sponsorship is carried out with 7th International Workshop on Next-generation Climate models for Advanced High Performance Computing Facilities,It became an entry from a foreign country (mainly U.S.), and opening of exchange and discussion of fruits of work.

At the marine research development mechanism Yokohama research institute, the 3rd day-EU climate change research workshop (Third Japan-EU Workshop on Climate Change Research) was held on 20-January 21, 2005. This workshop has so far been held based on agreement of the research partnership in the technology field of day-EU. This time, it carried out under joint sponsorship of five organizations of a marine research development mechanism, National Institute for Environmental Studies, the Meteorological Research Institute, Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo, and the Kyoto University disaster prevention research institute, and support of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The Japan side had 23 persons and the EU side had 50 observer participants besides 15 announcement participants. From the Japan side, reports of the project of GOSAT relation besides the result announcement of a symbiosis project, such as this subject, etc. were performed. The EU side had an announcement centering on "the climate change and ecosystem" which are the sub subject of the 6th term framework program (6 th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development) of Europe about research and technological development. The announcement consisted of six themes and the joint statement sentence (Joint Statement) was adopted as the whole result. The common recognition about cooperation of the future about a subject of research was pointed out especially there. Moreover, it has agreed also on holding the 4th workshop in Europe in 2007.

(4) Participation to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC)
Operation of an IPCC WG1 home assistance bureau

1. Outline
Since it contributed to the 4th Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) evaluation report (that issue is scheduled for 4 or AR2007) creation, at the frontier research promotion room, support / cooperation organization to IPCC/WG1 was improved for the purpose of promoting the cooperation and cooperation between the endowed institution of our country which is doing the warming future prediction and climatic change research relevant to the first task force (WG1) of IPCC, and a researcher. Thereby, an earth environment frontier research center takes the lead, and is promoting support and cooperation for "the support secretariat in one country of IPCC WG."

2. Role
A board of governors is prepared for the management, the researcher of related fields, such as domestic endowed institution, university, etc., becomes a member, and the support secretariat in one country of IPCC WG is drafting the plan for the support business in this secretariat. Moreover, the consultative body-role which proposes the opinion as a researcher is also borne at home to the Meteorological Agency and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology which are taking charge of IPCC/WG1.
As main support business of the support secretariat in one country of IPCC WG, correspondence to holding of progress situation investigation of domestic research, an overseas trend survey, a workshop, etc., an international conference, etc., adjustment of pertinent information, etc. are performed.

3. Activity outline in FY 2004
Activity Time Content
Holding of the board of governors in one country of IPCC WG April,June, Heisei 16 Decision of a business plan, and information exchange
Support of a 1stIPCC domestic liaison committee August, Heisei 16 Examination about domestic information exchange and a domestic measure with the other task force persons concerned
Management of a 2ndIPCC domestic liaison committee January, Heisei 17
Holding of "Workshop on Climate Research Projection" October, Heisei 16 The first task force (WG1) chairperson of IPCC, a writer, etc. are invited, and Japan's warming prediction research is introduced focusing on a symbiosis project.
Cooperation in the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology sponsorship side event in the 10th time conclusion country meeting (COP10) of U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change December, Heisei 16 Japan's warming prediction research (symbiosis project) is sent to the world.
An IPCC related meeting and recommendation of a workshop attendant, traveling-expenses support, and information gathering July, Heisei 16 "The meeting of spcialists for IPCC AR4 integrated report generation" (Switzerland)
September, Heisei 16 "IPCC AR4 WG1 the 1stLA meetings" (Italy)
November, Heisei 16 "The 22nd time general meeting of IPCC" (India)
March, Heisei 17 "The workshop about the analysis of the climate model simulation towards IPCC AR4" (Hawaii)
Homepage management of the support secretariat in one country of IPCC WG Renewal of at any time The report and the latest information on an IPCC related meeting, a workshop, etc. are sent at home.


4. Board-of-governors member in one country of IPCC WG (manager order of the Japanese syllabary)
Name Affiliation
(Representation)
Matsuno Taroh 		German marine research development mechanism Earth environment frontier research center (FRCGC) length
(Director)
Kondo Hiroki 		German marine research development mechanism Earth environment frontier research center (FRCGC) earth environment modeling research program appoints specially researcher
Inoue Gen German National-Institute-for-Environmental-Studies (NIES) earth environment research center Generalization research management official
Ogawa Toshihiro Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA) technical participation
Kitoh Akio Meteorological Agency Meteorological Research Institute The first laboratory of a climate research section Section head
Koike Isao University of Tokyo oceanographic institute The head and professor
Koike Toshio The University of Tokyo graduate school engineering system graduate course Professor
Sumi Akimasa Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo Professor
Tokioka Tatsushi German marine research development mechanism Earth environment frontier research center (FRCGC) center length and global warming prediction research program Program director
Nakajima Teruyuki Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo Center length
Nozawa Toru German National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) Atmosphere environmental research domain Air physics laboratory Senior research scientist
Nojiri Yukihiro German National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) Warming research endeavor Carbon cycle research team General research official
Noda Akira Meteorological Agency Meteorological Research Institute Climate research section Manager
Wreath Kimio The Tohoku University institute physical science graduate course Professor
Maruyama Yasuki Goods Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) Institute of Environmental Sciences Environmental science division manager "development of warming prediction / measure technology" Important subject person in charge Senior researcher

(Appendix) The agenda of the international meeting to which the 2nd subject of symbiosis participated in management
(Appendix 1.GAIM Task force meeting)
New directions in Earth System Science
GAIM Task Force, Yokohama, Japan, 24-29 October 2004
AGENDA

24 October

Participants arrive (all day)
Informal meeting of IGBP and GAIM leadership (20:00)

25 October

Introduction (09:00)
Michio Kawamiya: Welcome and logistics
John Schellnhuber/Colin Prentice: Charge to the workshop
Guy Brasseur/Will Steffen: Expected outputs and future plans
Earth System Processes I (10:00-11:00)
Nathalie Mahowald: Dust as an Earth System component
Paul Falkowski: Phytoplankton and global biogeochemistry

break (11:00-11.30)

Earth System Processes II (11:30-12:30)
Tim Jickells: The iron cycle*
Dork Sahagian: The nitrogen cycle*

lunch (13:00-14:00)

Earth System Processes III (14:00-15:00)
Jon Foley: The consequences of land-use change*
Bob Costanza: Palaeoeconomics/human-nature interactions

break (15:00-15:30)

Earth System Observations (15:30-17:30)
Claire Granier: Global emissions inventory*
Marko Scholze: The contemporary carbon cycle
Colin Prentice: Fire regimes, present and past
Dominique Raynaud: Ice cores and the EPICA Challenge
Dork Sahagian/Colin Prentice: Launch of the Earth System Atlas*

Dinner ? free evening for informal discussions

* denotes related background papers

26 October

Earth System Modelling and analysis (08:30-13:00)
Richard Betts: QUMP
Martin Claussen: Modelling abrupt changes and transitions
Ayako Abe-Ouchi/Sylvie Joussaume: PMIP II

break (10:30-11:00)

Richard Betts/Pierre Friedlingstein: C4MIP*
Martin Claussen/Tim Lenton: The role of feedbacks in the Earth System

lunch (13:00-14:00)

Earth System Analysis I (14:00-15:00)
Gerry Stokes: Economics of the transition to sustainability
Rik Leemans: Integrated scenarios for the 21st century

break (15:00-15:30)

Strategic discussions (15:30-17:30)

Planning for AIMES*: key components and objectives, required resources
Palaeoscience, human dimensions, and biodiversity research in AIMES
Implementation of the ESSP blueprint for Earth System Modelling

GAIM/WGCM joint dinner

27 October

Meeting with the WCRP Working Group on Coupled Models

Tour of Earth Simulator

14.00 Welcome and outline of joint WGCM-GAIM interests (J.Mitchell)

14.10 Issues for coupled Earth System Models (20 minutes each)*

    o Biosphere (C.Prentice)
    o Chemistry (G. Brasseur)
    o Atmosphere/Ocean (J.Mitchell)

15.10-16.00 Coffee break + Visit to the Earth Simulator

16.00 Specific topics (15 minutes each)

    o C4MIP (P. Friedlingstein)
    o CMIP/CFMIP(G.Meehl)
    o PMIP(P. Braconnot)
    o EMICS(M.Claussen)

17.00 Discussion, including possible future activities

    o IPCC Fourth Assessment: Chapters of interest to GAIM
    o Any proposal for joint GAIM-WGCM event in future?
    o GAIM-WGCM co-operation

GAIM dinner

(Appendix 2. climate change research workshop)
"Workshop on Climate Change Research"
Yokohama, Japan
October 28 and 29, 2004
Agenda

*Earth Simulator tour is for invitees from overseas only.

Convener: Hiroki Kondo(FRCGC)

Thursday October 28
08:50 Registration
09:20 Opening Address
Yasuhiro Kato, President of JAMSTEC
Isao Koike, National Committee Chair of IGBP
Opening Remarks
Taroh Matsuno, Director-general of FRCGC
Logistic Information
Secretariat office
09:40 Keynote Speech
"Timescales and Processes in Climate Change : Some New Directions and IPCC Developments"
....Susan Solomon, IPCC/WG1 Co-chair (NOAA)

10:00Coffee Break (Earth Simulator tour*)

10:30 Session 1: Global Climate Modeling for Scenario based Projections
Session chair: Akimasa Sumi (CCSR)
(Kyousei 1-a)
"High-resolution Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Modeling for Global Warming Projection" ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... Akimasa Sumi (CCSR)
............... ............... ............... ............... Masahide Kimoto (CCSR)
............... ............... ............... ............... Toru Nozawa (NIES)
(Kyousei-1b)
"Multi Century Three-member Ensemble Predictions with Earth Simulator and Climate Response to Stabilization and Overshoot Scenarios" ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... Koki Maruyama (CRIEPI) ............... ............... ............... ................Junichi Tsutsui (CRIEPI) ............... ............... ............... .......... .....Norikazu Nakasshiki (CRIEPI)
12:30 Session 2: International Activities on Global Climate Modeling
Session chair: Tatsushi Tokioka (FRCGC)
"The Work of WGCM" ............... John Mitchell (Met Office)
"International Activities on Global Climate Modeling Related to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report"............... ............... ........... Gerald Meehl (NCAR)

13:10 Lunch

14:20 Session 3: Global and Regional Climate Modeling for Extreme Event Projections
Session chair: Akira Noda (MRI)
(Kyousei-4)
"Development of Super High Resolution Global and Regional Climate Models" ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... .......Akira Noda (MRI)............... ............... ............... ............... .......Masanori Yoshizaki (MRI)
(Regional Climate Modeling)
"Regional Climate Modeling for Global Warming Projection by MeteorologicalResearch Institute" (MRI) .............................. Kazuo Kurihara (MRI)

15:40 Coffee Break

16:00 Session 4: Paleo Climate
Session chair: Ayako Abe-Ouchi (FRCGC/CCSR)
"Modeling the Astronomical Theory of Paleoclimates"
...............Andre Berger( Universite Catholique de Louvain)
"Simulating the Ice Age Cycle Climate Change."
...............Ayako Abe-Ouchi (FRCGC/CCSR)
"The Past is the Key to the Future. on the Value of Paleo Analogues"
...............Martin Claussen(Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
"Modeling the Dynamics of the Terrestrial Biosphere"
...............Colin Prentice(University of Bristol)
17:20 Discussion Session chair: Tatsushi Tokioka (FRCGC)
17:50 Adjournment

18:00-20:00 Welcome Reception @ Guest House

Friday, October 29

09:30 Session 5: Global environment modeling
...............Session chair: Taroh Matsuno (FRCGC)
(Kousei-2)
"Development of an Integrated Earth System Model on the Earth Simulator"
...............Taroh Matsuno(FRCGC)
...............Michio Kawamiya (FRCGC)
...............Hisashi Sato (FRCGC)
...............Kengo Sudo (FRCGC)
(Japan GAIM)
"Activities of the Japanese GAIM Community in 1992?2004"
...............Akihiko Ito (FRCGC)
( Atmospheric Chemistry )
"Atmospheric Chemistry in Climate Models"
...............Guy Brasseur (MPI)
(Ecosystem Model)
"Earth System Modelling of the Carbon Cycle and Climate Change"
...............Timothy Michael Lenton (University of East Anglia)

11:30 Coffee Break

11:50 Session 6: Carbon Cycle
Session chair: Yoshifumi Yasuoka (University of Tokyo)
(Carbon Cycle Project)
"Inter-annual Variability of Carbon Budget Components in Asia Flux Forest Sites" ............... Nobuko Saigusa (AIST)
(GOSAT)
"Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) Project"
...............Gen Inoue (NIES)
( Carbon Cycle (Terrestrial) )
"Coupling between Climate and Carbon Cycle -- "
...............Pierre Friedlingstein (LSCE)

12:50 Lunch

14:20 Session 7: Outstanding Issues and Next Generation Modeling
Session chair: Masahide Kimoto (CCSR)
<Cloud & Aerosol>
"Clouds and Climate Sensitivity: Considerations from Early Results of CFMIP"
...............Bryan McAvaney (Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre)
<Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation>
"Modeling Issues Regarding Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Processes"
...............Teruyuki Nakajima (CCSR)
<Next Generation Modeling (Atmospheric Model and Ocean Model)>
"Development of Next Generation Global Atmospheric & Ocean Models
- Global Cloud Resolving Atmospheric Model- "
...............Masaki Satoh (FRCGC)
-Eddy Resolving World Ocean Model -
...............Motohiko Tsugawa (FRCGC)
15:40 Overall Discussions Session chair: Taroh Matsuno (FRCGC)
16:10 Closure
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